CO2 foam
flooding technology can be used for geological
storage of greenhouse gas CO2 while enhancing oil recovery.
In this paper, we performed molecular dynamics simulations for the
CO2 foam film systems stabilized with an anionic surfactant
of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Compared to other factors of a foam
system, interfacial tension was used as the primary indicator to evaluate
the stability of the SDS foam film. The effects of the concentration
of the SDS surfactant, temperature, and pressure on the interfacial
tension were studied. Based on the calculated results, the stability
of the CO2 foam film was discussed. It is found that under
the high-concentration condition, SDS molecules can form a dense and
thick molecular layer at the interface, blocking the contact of CO2 molecules and water molecules and reducing the interfacial
tension. Consequently, the stability of the foam liquid film can be
improved. Low temperature and high pressure lead to high density of
the CO2 phase, which enables strong interactions between
CO2 and the hydrophobic tails of SDS molecules. The interfacial
structure thus formed can reduce the contact probability between CO2 and water molecules, generating lower interfacial tension.
Therefore, high SDS concentration, low temperature, and high pressure
are beneficial to the stability of the CO2 foam. We show
that the adsorption of CO2 molecules at the interface,
the interfacial thickness, and solvent accessible surface area of
the surfactant to the CO2 phase are affected by the density
of CO2 bulk phase, which are important interfacial properties
affecting the CO2/water interfacial tension and the stability
of the CO2 foam.