The Effect of Binders on the Performance and Degradation of the Lithium/Sulfur Battery Assembled in the Discharged State

Peled, E.; Goor, Meital; Schektman, I.; Mukra, Tzach; Shoval, Y.; Golodnitsky, Diana

doi:10.1149/2.0161701jes

Cited by 73 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Capacity fading results from the increase of both R SEI and R CT and the decrease in diffusion coefficient (D) during prolonged cycling. 162 D decreases as a result of several processes, including partial blocking of the cathode surface, precipitation of electrolyte reduction products on the anode (as a secondary SEI) and into the separator. In this system, reducing electrolyte reduction by the anode is essential for achieving a long cycle life.…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Review—SEI: Past, Present and Future

Peled

Menkin

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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1,603

1,474

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The Solid-Electrolyte-Interphase (SEI) model for non-aqueous alkali-metal batteries constitutes a paradigm change in the understanding of lithium batteries and has thus enabled the development of safer, durable, higher-power and lower-cost lithium batteries for portable and EV applications. Prior to the publication of the SEI model (1979), researchers used the Butler-Volmer equation, in which a direct electron transfer from the electrode to lithium cations in the solution is assumed. The SEI model proved that this is a mistaken concept and that, in practice, the transfer of electrons from the electrode to the solution in a lithium battery, must be prevented, since it will result in fast self-discharge of the active materials and poor battery performance. This model provides [E. Peled, in "Lithium Batteries," J.P. Gabano (ed), Academic Press, (1983), E. Peled, J. Electrochem. Soc., 126, 2047Soc., 126, (1979.] new equations for: electrode kinetics (i o and b), anode corrosion, SEI resistivity and growth rate and irreversible capacity loss of lithium-ion batteries. This model became a cornerstone in the science and technology of lithium batteries. This paper reviews the past, present and the future of SEI batteries. The PastPrior to the publication of the SEI model (1979), 1,4 researchers used the Butler-Volmer equation, in which direct electron transfer from the electrode to lithium cations in the solution is assumed. It was generally assumed that the rate-determining step (RDS) is the transfer of electrons from the metal to the cations in the solution. Researchers found that the lithium anode is covered by a passivating layer which interferes with the deposition/dissolution process of the anode. Brummer and Newman 2,3 concluded that a passivating anode can offer only a limited cycle life and in order to obtain a deep-discharge high-cycle-life secondary battery, the lithium anode must be free of a passivating layer and kinetically stable with respect to the electrolyte. The SEI model proved that this is a mistaken concept and that, in practice, the transfer of electrons from the electrode to the solution in a lithium battery, except when forming a SEI, must be prevented. The Present, Lithium-Metal and Lithium-Ion BatteriesIntroduction.-It is now generally accepted that the solidelectrolyte interphase (SEI) is essentially for the existence and successful operation of lithium-and sodium-battery systems, as primary and secondary power sources. 4 In 1979, it was proposed by Peled,

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Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Review—SEI: Past, Present and Future

Peled

Menkin

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

Self Cite

1,603

1,474

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“…16 Since the pioneering work by Nazar and colleagues creating a highly ordered nanostructured carbon−sulfur cathode using etc. Up to now, high discharging capacity (>1500 mAh g −1 ), high weight percentage of sulfur (>90%), high areal sulfur loading and capacity (>10 mg cm −2 and >10 mAh cm −2 ), superior performance * Electrochemical Society Member.…”

Section: -6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Li Metal Anode in Working Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Cheng

Huang

Zhang

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

253

170

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Due to the high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg −1 , lithium-sulfur batteries are strongly regarded as the promising nextgeneration energy storage devices. However, the practical applications of lithium-sulfur batteries are challenged by several obstacles, including the low sulfur utilization and poor lifespan, which are partly attributed to the shuttle of lithium polysulfides and lithium dendrite growth in working lithium-sulfur batteries. Suppressing lithium dendrite growth is a necessary step not only for a safe and efficient Li metal anode, but also for a high capacity cell with a high Coulombic efficiency. Herein we review the lithium metal anode protection in a polysulfide-rich environment, relative to most reviews on lithium metal anode without considering the effect of lithium polysulfides in lithium metal batteries. Firstly, the importance and dilemma of Li metal anode issues in lithium-sulfur batteries are underscored, aiming to arouse the attentions to Li metal anode protection. Specific attentions are paid to the surface chemistry of Li metal anode in a polysulfide-rich lithium-sulfur battery. Next, the proposed strategies to stabilize solid electrolyte interface and protect Li metal anode are included. Finally, a general conclusion and a perspective on the current limitations, as well as recommended future research directions of Li metal anode in lithium-sulfur batteries are presented. The ever-increasing requirement for efficient and economic energy storage technologies has triggered the continued research into advanced battery systems.1 Lithium ion batteries, based on the lithium intercalation chemistry, have dominated the battery market since their commercial application in the 1990s.2 However, conventional lithium ion batteries are very expensive and their energy densities (theoretically, 350 − 500 Wh kg −1 , practically, 100 − 250 Wh kg −1 ) seem insufficient for long-range electrical vehicles and high-end portable electronics. These emerging demands have energized the evolution of other alternative rechargeable batteries with higher energy density and longer lifespan.3 Lithium−sulfur (Li−S) battery, a 'beyond Li-ion' technology, has drawn extensive attentions due to its high specific capacity (1675 mAh g −1 ) and energy density (2600 Wh kg −1 ). 4-6The greater energy storage ability of Li−S batteries is realized through the phase-transformation electrochemistry based on elemental sulfur cathode and metallic lithium anode [S 8 + 16Li ↔ 8Li 2 S], 7,8 which is fundamentally different from current transition metal-based cathodes and graphite-based anodes in Li-ion batteries.The conversion chemistry in a Li−S cell offers not only significant advantages as mentioned above, but also some critical challenges, such as the low conductivity of sulfur and lithium sulfide, the huge volumetric change from sulfur (71 mol L −1 ) to lithium sulfide (36 mol L −1 ), and the shuttle of long-chain polysulfide intermediates during discharge/charge cycling.9-12 Therefore, a composite cathode with sulfur in ...

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“…322 mAh g −1 , a value that if reached would grant their commercial success. Moreover, the use of highly abundant sulfur (S 8 ) in the cathode makes the battery design more cost effective in comparison to the transition metal based oxides used in LIBs . Despite this fact, there are other obstacles that hinder the application of Li−S batteries …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes implementing IL based electrolytes to reduce polysulfide solubility, coating of the Li‐metal anode with PILs to offer surface protection, and using PIL as a cathode binder to improve cycling stability. Much of this work is the result of a collaboration between partners within the HELIS (High energy lithium sulphur cells and batteries) consortium, an EU H2020 funded project for the development Li−S batteries for commercial applications …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquids and their Polymers in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

Josef

Yan

Stan

et al. 2019

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Future optimized lithium‐sulfur batteries may promise higher energy densities than the current standard. However, there are many barriers which hinder their commercialization. In this review we describe how ionic liquids (ILs) and their polymers are utilized in different components of the battery to address some of these issues. For example, IL‐based electrolytes have the potential to reduce the solubility of polysulfides compared to conventional organic electrolytes. Polymerizing ILs directly on the surface of the Li‐metal anode is suggested as an approach to protect the surface of this electrode. Finally, using poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) as binders for the cathode active material may increase the performance of the cathode as compared to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVdF) and could inhibit swelling‐induced degradation. These results demonstrate the advantages of ILs and their polymers for improving the performance of Li−S batteries.

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The Effect of Binders on the Performance and Degradation of the Lithium/Sulfur Battery Assembled in the Discharged State

Cited by 73 publications

References 39 publications

Review—SEI: Past, Present and Future

Review—SEI: Past, Present and Future

Review—Li Metal Anode in Working Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Ionic Liquids and their Polymers in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

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