The effect of bio activator em-4 and yeast addition on biogas characteristics using pineapple skin waste as raw material

Abstract

With the increasing global energy demand and the rising cost of conventional fuels, there is an urgent need for alternative energy sources. The price of conventional gas in the community is increasingly expensive, so alternative energy sources are needed to overcome this problem. Biogas is one of the alternative energies in terms of managing fruit waste that can be fermented through an anaerobic process to produce flammable gas. This study aims to determine the value of methane gas (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and the pressure value produced on pineapple skin waste raw materials with the addition of Yeast and EM-4. The results of the study were obtained, namely the highest CH4 content with the addition of 7.14% Yeast in a fermentation time of 21 days obtained a value of 1448 ppm. The highest CH4 content with the addition of 7.14% EM-4 was 1392 ppm. The lowest CO2 value was obtained with the addition of 7.14% Yeast, namely 496 ppm and the addition of 5.71% EM-4, namely 518 ppm. The highest pressure results obtained were 1094.3 N/m2 on the Yeast activator with a composition of 8.57% for 21 days, and the pressure value on the EM-4 activator with a composition of 7.14%, 14 days was 859.1 N/m2.