The effect of birth interval on fetal outcomes

Thapaliya, Rajeeb; Rai, BK; Bhandari, Rabin; Rijal, Pappu; Gupta, P. P.

doi:10.3126/hren.v13i3.17965

Cited by 6 publications

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“…Short birth interval is a universal public health problem having association with adverse maternal, fetal, neonataland child outcomes such as low birth weight and perinatal death [4,5], preterm delivery, small for gestational age [6], admission to neonatal intensive care unit [7], stillbirth, abortion, neonatal mortality [8], infant and under-5 mortality [8,9], infant/child malnutrition including underweight, wasting, stunting [8,10], neurodevelopmental and intellectual delay, autism, cerebral palsy [11], gestational diabetes [8,12], precipitous labor [7], anemia [8,13], uterine rupture, premature rupture of membrane, preeclampsia and chronic hypertension [8,14,15]. Most of these studies [4][5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] don't show causal association between short birth interval and the aforementioned pregnancy outcomes. Furthermore, the reported associations might have been largely attributed to confounding effects by genetically heritable familial factors [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of short birth interval among ever married reproductive age women: A community based unmatched case control study at Dessie city administration, Northern Ethiopia

et al. 2020

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Background Short birth interval is a universal public health problem resulting in adverse fetal, neonatal, child and maternal outcomes. In Ethiopia, more than 50% of the overall inter birth spacing is short. However, prior scientific evidence on its determinants is limited and even then findings are inconsistent. Methods A community -based unmatched case-control study was employed on 218 cases and 436 controls. Cases were ever married reproductive age women whose last delivery has been in the past five years with birth interval of less than 3 years between the latest two successive live births whereas those women with birth interval of 3–5 years were taken as controls. A multistage sampling technique was employed on 30% of the kebeles in Dessie city administration. A pre-tested interviewer based questionnaire was used to collect data by 16 trained diploma nurses and 8 health extension workers supervised by 4 BSc nurses. The collected data were cleaned, coded and double entered into Epi-data version 4.2 and exported to SPSS version 22. Binary logistic regression model was considered and those variables with P<0.25 in the bivariable analysis were entered in to final model after which statistical significance was declared at P< 0.05 using adjusted odds ratio at 95% CI. Result In this study, contraceptive use (AOR = 11.2, 95% CI: 5.95–21.15), optimal breast feeding for at least 2 years (AOR = 0.098, 95% CI:0.047–0.208), age at first birth <25 years (AOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.282–0.761), having male preceding child (AOR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.166–0.793) and knowing the duration of optimum birth interval correctly (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.245–0.811) were significant determinants of short birth interval. Conclusion Contraceptive use, duration of breast feeding, age at first birth, preceding child sex and correct understanding of the duration of birth interval were significant determinants of short birth interval. Fortunately, all these significant factors are likely modifiable. Thus, the existing efforts of optimizing birth interval should be enhanced through proper designation and implementation of different strategies on safe breastfeeding practice, modern contraceptive use and maternal awareness about the health merits of optimum birth interval.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of short birth interval among ever married reproductive age women: A community based unmatched case control study at Dessie city administration, Northern Ethiopia

et al. 2020

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“…From bivariable analysis, it has been shown that neonates born to mothers with birth spacing of < 2 years were 1.89 times more likely to be asphyxiated as compared to those with ≥2 years of birth spacing. This may be due to the fact that narrow birth spacing (< 2 years) is a universal public health problem having association with adverse maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes such as low birth weight 56 , 57 , preterm delivery, small for gestational age 58 , precipitous labor 59 , gestational diabetes 60 , 61 , anemia 61 , 62 , uterine rupture, premature rupture of membrane, preeclampsia and chronic hypertension 60 , 63 , 64 . Significance of some of these outcomes is also supported by this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, quality of intrapartum care during labor and delivery has been recognized as the single most important predictor of the overall morbidity and mortality from asphyxia neonatorum 32 , 34 , 36 – 49 . More specifically, factors like antenatal obstetric complications 17 , 20 , 40 , 42 , 49 , 51 – 56 , parity 19 , 42 , multiple births 22 , gestational age <37 or >41 weeks 22 , 42 , low birth weight 18 , 40 , 41 , 42 , premature rupture of membranes 20 , 44 , 45 , 48 , prolonged labor 18 , 19 , 41 , 42 and fetal distress 40 , 41 , 48 , 49 have already been identified to be among the risk factors of asphyxia neonatorum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, quality of intrapartum care during labor and delivery has been recognized as the single most important predictor of the overall morbidity and mortality from asphyxia neonatorum 32,34,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] . More specifically, factors like antenatal obstetric complications 17,20,40,42,49,[51][52][53][54][55][56] , parity 19,42 , multiple births 22 , gestational age <37 or >41 weeks 22,42 , low birth weight 18,40,41,42 , premature rupture of membranes 20,44,45,48 , prolonged labor 18, 19, 41,42 and fetal distress 40,41,48,49 have already been identified to be among the risk factors of asphyxia neonatorum. The Ethiopian neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is 29/1000 live births whilst Amhara region, a region of our study area, comprises the highest burden of the national NMR (47/1000 live births) 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and determinants of asphyxia neonatorum among live births at Debre Tabor General Hospital, North Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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Background: More than one third of the neonatal deaths at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Debre Tabor General Hos- pital (DTGH) are attributable to birth asphyxia. Most of these neonates are referred from maternity ward of the hospital. However, there is no recent evidence on the prevalence and specific determinants of birth asphyxia at DTGH. Besides, public health importance of factors like birth spacing weren’t addressed in the prior studies. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 240 newborns at delivery ward. The collected data were cleaned, coded and entered into Epi -data version 4.2 and exported to Stata version 14. Binary logistic regression model was considered and statistical significance was declared at P< 0.05 using adjusted odds ratio. Results: The prevalence of asphyxia neonatorum was 6.7 % based on the fifth minute APGAR score. From multi-variable logistic regression analysis, antenatal obstetric complications (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI: 3.75, 14.29), fetal malpresentation (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.21, 15.20), premature rupture of fetal membranes (AOR = 6.56, 95% CI: 3.48, 18.12) and meconium stained amniotic fluid (AOR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.76, 14.59) were significant predictors. Conclusion: The prevalence of fifth minute asphyxia neonatorum was relatively low. Fortunately, its predictors are modifi- able. Thus, we can mitigate the problem even with our limited resources such as enhancing the existing efforts of antenatal and intra-partum care, which could help early detection and management of any obstetric and neonatal health abnormality.” Keywords: Birth asphyxia; asphyxia neonatorum; prevalence; determinants; Ethiopia.

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“…Having a short birth interval is an important public health concern, as it comes with a host of adverse effects on mothers and their children ( Thapaliya et al, 2015 ). The majority of neonatal and maternal deaths occurred in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, which comprised 3.1 million neonatal deaths and 287, 000 maternal deaths ( Thapaliya et al, 2015 ; WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, 2019 ).Ethiopian mini Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) showed that there is still a high (59%) under-five mortality rate and 33% neonatal death ( Mini EDHS, 2019 ). Moreover, there are 412 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births women ( EDHS, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Attitude Towards Short Birth Interval among Rural Women who Gave Birth in the Last Three Years at Dembecha District, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019

et al. 2022

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Background A woman can have fewer children when intervals between consecutive births are optimal. This has great importance for the well-being of women, pregnancy outcomes, and the long-term health of children under the age of five. We can save 2millon of the 11 million deaths of children under the age of five per year by avoiding short birth intervals. It is affected by the knowledge and attitude of women, particularly rural women, who had a high fertility rate. To our deep review, this is the first study done in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess knowledge and attitude towards short birth intervals and associated factors among rural women who gave birth in the last three years at Dembecha district, northwest Ethiopia. Method A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 20 to October 20, 2019. A cluster sampling technique was employed to select the study participants and data were collected using a pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with knowledge and attitude towards short birth interval. The level of significant association was declared using the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and a p-value of <0.05. Result From the total study participants, 66.4% (95% CI: 63.0–70.0) had good knowledge and 45.9% (95% CI: 42.3–49.8) had a positive attitude towards short birth intervals. In multivariable logistic regression: marital status, antenatal care follow-up, maternal occupation, and wealth status were significantly associated with knowledge. In addition, antenatal care follow-up and maternal occupation were significantly associated with attitude. Conclusion Majority of the participants had poor knowledge and a positive attitude towards short birth intervals. Hence, interventions should be done to optimize women's knowledge and attitude towards short birth intervals by enhancing antenatal care utilization.

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The effect of birth interval on fetal outcomes

Abstract: Background: Perinatal mortality includes both deaths in the first week of life and fetal

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Determinants of short birth interval among ever married reproductive age women: A community based unmatched case control study at Dessie city administration, Northern Ethiopia

Determinants of short birth interval among ever married reproductive age women: A community based unmatched case control study at Dessie city administration, Northern Ethiopia

Prevalence and determinants of asphyxia neonatorum among live births at Debre Tabor General Hospital, North Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Knowledge and Attitude Towards Short Birth Interval among Rural Women who Gave Birth in the Last Three Years at Dembecha District, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019

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