The Effect of Breakfast Type on Total Daily Energy Intake and Body Mass Index: Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)

Cho, Sungsoo; Dietrich, Marion; Brown, Coralie J.P.; Clark, Celeste; Block, Gladys

doi:10.1080/07315724.2003.10719307

Cited by 338 publications

(329 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Further, the definition of breakfast consumption was as selfreported by the participants in the study; therefore, it may have varied between them. Yet, this definition is consistent with that used in previous NHANES studies (8)(9)(10)(11) . A misclassification bias may also have potentially resulted if the OB consumers from the present study consumed only a cup of coffee for breakfast, since their energy/ nutrient intakes and metabolism could be different from their OB-consuming counterparts or could be even similar to the BS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Additionally, the use of a single 24 h dietary recall to assess breakfast skipping or breakfast consumption did not permit the assessment of the regular breakfast consumption habits of the population. Nevertheless, a single 24 h dietary recall does produce reasonably robust group estimates of dietary intakes (56) and has previously been used to estimate daily breakfast consumption habits in large data sets such as the NHANES (8)(9)(10)(11) . Also, many times with self-reported dietary assessment techniques such as the 24 h dietary recall, individuals tend to under-report energy intake, especially women and those who are older, overweight or trying to lose weight (57) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 1999–2006

Deshmukh-Taskar

Nicklas

Radcliffe

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

178

154

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ObjectiveTo examine the association between breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome (MetS).DesignCross-sectional. Three breakfast groups were identified, breakfast skippers (BS), ready-to-eat-cereal (RTEC) consumers and other breakfast (OB) consumers, using a 24 h dietary recall. Risk factors were compared between the breakfast groups using covariate-adjusted statistical procedures.SettingThe 1999–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, USA.SubjectsYoung adults (20–39 years of age).ResultsAmong these young adults (n 5316), 23·8 % were BS, 16·5 % were RTEC consumers and 59·7 % were OB consumers. Relative to the BS, the RTEC consumers were 31 %, 39 %, 37 %, 28 %, 23 %, 40 % and 42 % less likely to be overweight/obese or have abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated serum total cholesterol, elevated serum LDL-cholesterol, reduced serum HDL-cholesterol or elevated serum insulin, respectively. Relative to the OB consumers, the BS were 1·24, 1·26 and 1·44 times more likely to have elevated serum total cholesterol, elevated serum LDL-cholesterol or reduced serum HDL-cholesterol, respectively. Relative to the OB consumers, the RTEC consumers were 22 %, 31 % and 24 % less likely to be overweight/obese or have abdominal obesity or elevated blood pressure, respectively. No difference was seen in the prevalence of the MetS by breakfast skipping or type of breakfast consumed.ConclusionsResults suggest that consumption of breakfast, especially that included an RTEC, was associated with an improved cardiometabolic risk profile in US young adults. Additional studies are needed to determine the nature of these relationships.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 1999–2006

Deshmukh-Taskar

Nicklas

Radcliffe

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

178

154

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“…10,11 Breakfast consumption has been suggested to be important for energy regulation; 12,13 however, while some studies have shown a lower percentage of total daily energy intake at breakfast associated with a higher BMI in younger 12 and older 14 persons, others have found no relationship. 13,[15][16][17] Although snacking, usually defined as eating at occasions other than meals (e.g., breakfast, lunch or dinner), is commonly regarded as contributing to excess weight, 18,19 studies on snacking associated with BMI have also yielded mixed results. 15,20,21 One potential explanation for the equivocal findings among studies is dietary reporting bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating patterns and dietary composition in relation to BMI in younger and older adults

et al. 2006

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Objective: To compare relative associations of eating patterns and dietary composition with body mass index (BMI) in younger (aged 20-59 years, n ¼ 1792) and older (aged 60-90 years, n ¼ 893) participants in the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, collected 1994Individuals, collected -1996. Methods: Data from two 24-h dietary recalls from individuals reporting physiologically plausible energy intake (within 722% of predicted energy requirements, based on previously published methods) were used. Results: Mean reported energy intake was 96 and 95% of predicted energy requirements in younger and older subjects, respectively. Older subjects were less likely than younger subjects to skip a meal, but snacking was common in both age groups. Fiber density was significantly higher in the older group. A higher BMI in both age groups was associated with a higher total daily energy intake, and higher energy intakes at all eating occasions. In both age groups, eating frequency was positively associated with energy intake, and eating more than three times a day was associated with being overweight or obese. In the younger group but not the older group, a lower fiber density coupled with higher percentage of energy from fat was independently associated with having a higher BMI. Conclusions: While no one eating occasion contributes more than any other to excess adiposity, eating more often than three times a day may play a role in overweight and obesity in both younger and older persons. A reduced satiety response to dietary fiber in addition to lower energy expenditure may potentially further contribute to weight gain in older persons.

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“…Breakfast consumption is associated with diet quality throughout the day; specifically, those who consume breakfast have higher levels of daily fibre intake (14)(15)(16)(17) , higher vitamin and nutrient intakes (12,(14)(15)(16)18,19) , lower levels of added sugars (16,18) and lower daily percentage of fat (14) . Additionally, numerous studies have shown that breakfast skipping is associated with an increase in overweight, obesity and BMI among adolescents (12,17,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is breakfast skipping associated with physical activity among US adolescents? A cross-sectional study of adolescents aged 12–19 years, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

Lyerly

Huber

Warren‐Findlow

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the association between breakfast skipping and physical activity among US adolescents aged 12-19 years. Design: A cross-sectional study of nationally representative 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Setting: Breakfast skipping was assessed by two 24 h dietary recalls. Physical activity was self-reported by participants and classified based on meeting national recommendations for physical activity for the appropriate age group. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to model the association between breakfast skipping and physical activity while controlling for confounders. Subjects: A total of 936 adolescents aged 12-19 years in the USA. Results: After adjusting for family income, there was no association between breakfast skipping and meeting physical activity guidelines for age among adolescents aged 12-19 years (OR 5 0?95, 95 % CI 0?56, 1?32). Conclusions: Findings from the study differ from previous research findings on breakfast skipping and physical activity. Therefore, further research that uses large, nationally representative US samples and national recommended guidelines for physical activity is needed.

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The Effect of Breakfast Type on Total Daily Energy Intake and Body Mass Index: Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)

Cited by 338 publications

References 26 publications

The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 1999–2006

The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 1999–2006

Eating patterns and dietary composition in relation to BMI in younger and older adults

Is breakfast skipping associated with physical activity among US adolescents? A cross-sectional study of adolescents aged 12–19 years, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

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