The effect of centrifugation time and gravitational force on platelet yield and platelet volume distribution in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) obtained by differential centrifugation

Systematic review of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) preparation and composition for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia

“…Each factor in the preparation protocol introduces a source of variation that can impact the efficacy of the final product. The length of time for each spin cycle, as well as the centrifugal acceleration forces (rpm or g) can greatly impact the integrity and viability of the platelets contained in the final product, thus impacting the concentration of growth factors and cytokines delivered in each treatment . A study in Japan compared different commercial PRP preparation systems, and found significant differences in the platelet recovery achieved, as well as the amounts of red blood cells (RBC) and granulocytes (WBC) remaining in the final PRP product.…”

“…Our study found that specific nomenclature and terminology to classify PRP preparations were used in 40% of the articles. A clearly defined, validated system of nomenclature to characterize different PRP compositions should be consistently adopted by investigators in order to facilitate communication, interpretation, and comparison between studies …”

“…The length of time for each spin cycle, as well as the centrifugal acceleration forces (rpm or g) can greatly impact the integrity and viability of the platelets contained in the final product, thus impacting the concentration of growth factors and cytokines delivered in each treatment. 41,44 A study in Japan compared different commercial PRP preparation systems, and found significant differences in the platelet recovery achieved, as well as the amounts of red blood cells (RBC) and granulocytes (WBC) remaining in the final PRP product. Higher concentrations of RBCs and WBCs promote inflammation at the target site, which is both counter-productive in treating AGA, and can lead to undesirable side effects such as bruising and burning pain at the injection sites.…”

“…A clearly defined, validated system of nomenclature to characterize different PRP compositions should be consistently adopted by investigators in order to facilitate communication, interpretation, and comparison between studies. 4,44 O R C I D MaryJo E Kramer http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8308-6107…”

Small aggregates of platelets can be detected sensitively by a flow cytometer equipped with an imaging device: Mechanisms of epinephrine‐induced aggregation and antiplatelet effects of beraprost

“…It may be difficult to estimate in vivo platelet reactivity using the current in vitro methods in which PRP is used as the sample. Because the centrifugation of blood causes a loss of more adhesive platelets and in vitro platelet activation, platelets in PRP do not truly represent the whole platelet population in vivo (32,33). To overcome these shortcomings, several whole blood aggregometers have been developed, but with limited success.…”