The effect of changes in feeding patterns on the performance of pigs

Abstract

A short account of work carried out by the authors was given. A full presentation will be published (Strong, Shirling & Passmore, 1967). The summary of this paper is as follows:Food which provided from 2960 to 7880 kcal in excess of requirements was eaten by sixteen subjects, each for a period of 4 days.The proportion of the nutrients lost in the faeces was not increased during overfeeding.The metabolic rates were in no case increased by an amount equivalent to more than 15% of the excess calories. The increase could be attributed to the specific dynamic effect of the extra dietary protein.The gains in weight ranged from 370 to 5460 g/4 days and the calorie equivalent of the weight gained varied from 1 -1 to 10.0 kcal/g. These variations can be attributed to variations in the amount of water retained.Analysis of their respiratory exchanges suggests that most subjects stored from 400 to 1500 g carbohydrate in the tissues, possibly in the form of muscle glycogen. In feeding livestock, three basic questions must be considered: what, how much, and how to feed? The qualitative and quantitative aspects have been studied by many and information has accumulated which, though by no means complete, permits formulation of standards, requirements and allowances. It is only fairly recently that it has become clear that the problem of 'How should one feed' is of basic importance in nutrition, and that understanding of it may help to resolve some of the present controversies about feeding standards and requirements. The problem of how to feed is affected by so many factors that it is virtually impossible to arrive at any hard and fast rules or to make valid general recommendations. All one can do in a brief review is to draw attention to the many aspects of the problem and to some of its implications.In Table I I have listed under three headings, some of the factors which may influence the pattern of feeding : those connected with the animal, those connected with the feed, and those connected with the management. The list is by no means complete, but it points to the complexity of the problem. It becomes even more https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi

Effect of liquid feeding at different water-to-feed ratios on the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs

“…There is a plethora of data to indicate that liquid feeding of pigs may significantly reduce production costs, improve growth rates, time to slaughter, lower feed to gain ratio or a combinations of these performance parameters besides offering welfare benefits (Braude 1967 and1971;Jensen and Mikkelsen, 1998;Lawlor et al, 2002;Canibe and Jensen, 2003;Scott et al, 2007). However, there has been little new work on liquid feeding in growing-finishing modern porcine genotypes.…”

“…Liquid feeding of pigs can significantly reduce production costs as it allows the use of low, dry matter by-products and can, to some extent, offer welfare benefits under hot, summer conditions (Scott et al, 2007). The advantages of liquid compared with dry feeding include improved growth rates, shorter time to slaughter, improved feed to gain ratio or a combinations of these performance parameters (Braude, 1967 and1971;Jensen and Mikkelsen, 1998;Lawlor et al, 2002;Canibe and Jensen, 2003). For example, average daily live-weight gain (ADG) of newly weaned pigs offered NFLF was 12 6 9.4% higher than those observed following dry feeding (Jensen and Mikkelsen, 1998), and ADG was further increased by offering FLF (Dung et al, 2005).…”

Application of Phase Feeding in Swine Production

“…However, a review by Braude (1967) suggested that pigs were often unable to select a diet that adequately met their requirements, and therefore the method could not be considered superior to singlefeeding. And recently, Gourley et al (1993), Owen et aE.…”

Effect of crumbled diet on growth performance, market day age and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs

“…An increase of 4-6% in gain to feed ratio (G:F) has been reported when pigs are fed pellet diets vs. meal diets via conventional dry feeders (Wondra et al 1995b). Besides the advantages of less separation, easier handling, less dust, and better hygienic quality (Flatlandsmo and Slagsvold 1971), pellet feed seems to improve growth and feed efficiency (Braude 1967;Vanschoubroeck et al 1971;Hanke et al 1972;Baird 1973;Braude and Rowell 1966). However, pellet feed does have disadvantages.…”