The Effect of Changing the Concentration of Silver Nanoparticles on the Antibacterial Properties of Silver-PVP Composite-Coated Implants

Abstract

Background: The body’s ability to fight the infection in the vicinity of implants decreases, resulting in an increased risk of local infection around the implants. According to importance of this issue, this study investigates the antibacterial properties of implants coated via silver-PVP nanocomposite.
 Methods: In this research, silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by green synthesis method and using the coffee powder. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern confirms the formation of metallic structure of silver nanoparticles. Particle size has been studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Digital Light Scattering (DLS) analysis, showing that the average particle size is about 17 nm. The implants have been coated via silver-PVP nanocomposite using deep coating method at different concentrations of Ag nanoparticles, and antibacterial properties of these samples have been investigated. The obtained results demonstrate a very large non-growth halo in the presence of silver-PVP coating. Also, the repeatability of non-growth halo test, toxicology analysis and pull off adhesion of samples have been studied and analyzed.
 Results: According to the MTT results, the appropriate concentration of silver-PVP nanocomposite without cell toxicity has been obtained equal to 118.6 µg/ml. At this concentration, the non-growth halo for both types of bacteria is clearly visible. By repeating the antibacterial test after 5 days, it was observed that the non-growth halo of implants is lasting.
 Conclusion: Overall, it can be stated that this study presents a simple, operational, repeatable, and large-scale method for coating the implants and medical equipment that prevents the development of infection in the vicinity of implants.