The effect of childhood trauma and Five-Factor Model personality traits on exposure to adult life events in patients with psychotic disorders

Abstract

Introduction: Recent life events are associated with transition to and outcome in psychosis. Childhood trauma and personality characteristics play a role in proneness to adult life events. However, little is known about the relative contribution and interrelatedness of these characteristics in psychotic disorders. Therefore, we investigated whether Five-Factor Model (FFM) personality traits and childhood trauma (abuse and neglect) predict adult life events, and whether the effect of childhood trauma on life events is mediated by personality traits. Method: One hundred and sixty-three patients with psychotic disorders were assessed at baseline on history of childhood maltreatment and FFM personality traits, and on recent life events at 3-year follow-up. Results: Childhood abuse is associated with negative life events, and part of the effect of childhood abuse on negative life events is mediated by openness to experience. Openness to experience and extraversion are associated with more positive and negative life events. Childhood neglect and lower extraversion are related to experiencing less positive events. Conclusion: The association between childhood trauma and recent life events is partly mediated by personality. Future research could focus on mechanisms leading to positive life events, as positive life events may buffer against development of mental health problems.

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“…In contrast to previously published findings (e.g., Pos et al, 2016), the current study found no significant relationship between total ACE score and Openness. Examining the pattern of correlations with specific ACEs, however, shows that some are significantly positive, and some are significantly negative.…”

Traces of Trauma: A Multivariate Pattern Analysis of Childhood Trauma, Brain Structure, and Clinical Phenotypes

“…Childhood trauma (CT) is defined as any act that results in harm, potential or threat of harm to a child (1) and is generally operationalized along the dimensions of physical, sexual and emotional abuse or neglect (2). CT acts as a transdiagnostic risk factor for a variety of psychiatric disorders (3)(4)(5), reduces an individual's quality of life (6), impairs levels of functioning (7) and is associated with dysfunctional personality development (8,9). Furthermore, neuroimaging studies have suggested associations between CT and grey matter volume (GMV), reporting alterations in subcortical, temporal and frontal regions (10)(11)(12)(13)).…”

Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression and Attitudes Toward Justice in the World in a Sample of Deaf and Blind Persons in Osijek Baranja Region

“…Vrlo zanimljivu spoznaju predstavlja rezultat značajno izraženijih generalnih stavova o pravdi u svijetu u slijepih ispitanika koji su vid izgubili nakon treće godine u odnosu na ispitanike koji su ga izgubili prije tog razdoblja (p = 0,029). Pretpostavljamo da je rani gubitak vida, poput drugih traumatskih događaja posebno snažna trauma ako se dogodi u razdoblju intenzivnog razvoja djetetove ličnosti te osim fizičkog oštećenja oštećuje i prilagodbene kapacitete ličnosti što vjerovanje u pravdu u svijetu zapravo i jest, no i o toj temi do sada nema objavljenih istraživanja (27,28). Potrebno je provesti dodatna istraživanja na većem broju ispitanika, kako bi se utvrdilo je li to uistinu tako.…”

“…Our assumption is that early loss of vision, just like every other traumatic event, represents an especially severe trauma if it occurs during the period of a child's intensive personality development, so it inflicts not only physical damage, but also damage to adaptive abilities -and belief in a just world is exactly that. However, there is no published research on this topic (27,28). It is necessary to conduct further research on a larger number of participants to determine whether this is true or not.…”