The effect of chitosan (poly-N-acetyl glucosamine) on lingual hemostasis in heparinized rabbits

Klokkevold, Perry R.; Fukayama, Haruhisa; Sung, Eric C.; Bertolami, Charles N.

doi:10.1016/s0278-2391(99)90632-8

Cited by 158 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The main cellular components in blood coagulation are platelets. It has been shown that chitosan has a hemostatic effect [151]. Okamoto et al 2003, reported that chitin is an effective agent for hemostasis maintenance through aggregating platelets, and suggested that the effect of chitin and chitosan is due to both physical and chemical properties of these biopolymers, especially their amino groups [152].…”

Section: Haemostasis and Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Chitosan a New Panacea? Areas of Application

Castro¹,

Paulín²

2012

The Complex World of Polysaccharides

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Chitin is a big molecule composed of -beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) monomers. There are three forms of chitin: , , and chitin. The -form, is mainly obtained from crab and shrimp. Both and chitin/chitosan are commercially available [5]. Sources of chitinIn the book "Chitin" published by Muzarelli in 1977, we can find a complete list of organisms that contain chitin: Fungi, Algae, Cnidaria (jellyfish), Aschelminthes (round worm), Entoprocta, Bryozoa (Moss or lace animals, Phoronida (Horseshoe worms), Brachiopoda(Lamp shells), Echiruda, Annelida (Segmented worms), Mollusca, Arthropoda and Ponogophora [6]). Herring, P.J in 1979 wrote that chitin is the main component of arthropod exoskeletons, tendons, and the linings of their respiratory, excretory, and digestive systems, as well as insects external structure and some fungi. It is also found in the reflective material (iridophores) of both epidermis and eyes of arthropods and cephalopods (phylum: Mollusca) and the epidermal cuticle of the vertebrate Paralipophrys trigloides (fish) is also chitinous [7,8]. The main commercial sources of chitin are the shell wastes of shrimp, lobsters, crabs and krill. There are three forms of chitin: , , and chitin. The -form, is composed of alternating antiparallel polysaccharide strands and is mainly obtained from crab and shrimp. -Chitin is by far the most abundant; it occurs in fungal and yeast cell walls, krill, lobster and crab tendons and shells, shrimp shells, and insect cuticle. The rarer -chitin is composed of parallel strands of polysaccharides, is found in association with proteins in squid pens [9,10] and in the tubes synthesized by pogonophoran and vestimetiferan worms [11,12]. It also occurs in aphrodite chaetae [13] as well as in the lorica, built by some seaweeds or protozoa [14,15,16]. And 2 parallel chains alternating with an antiparallel strand constitute gamma chitin and are found in fungi [15].

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Section: Haemostasis and Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Chitosan a New Panacea? Areas of Application

Castro¹,

Paulín²

2012

The Complex World of Polysaccharides

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[30,31] Klokkevold et al [30] demonstrated the efficacy of chitosan in a heparinized rabbit model, and Tuthill et al [31] showed significantly decreased blood loss through the use of a fibrin sealant hemostatic agent in heparinized rats undergoing heminephrectomy. Schwaitzberg et al [32] asserted that local hemostatic agents containing poly-N-acetylglucosamine are effective even in congenital or acquired diseases of coagulopathy in a study performed in dogs with hemophilia and in heparinized pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemostatic effect of a chitosan linear polymer (Celox®) in a severe femoral artery bleeding rat model under hypothermia or warfarin therapy

Köksal

Özdemir²,

Etoz³

et al. 2011

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg

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“…In both animal and clinical studies, it has been shown to provide rapid and effective hemostasis independent of the normal clotting mechanism by stimulating erythrocytes to aggregate (Malette et al, 1983;Vournakis et al, 1997c;Klokkevold et al, 1999), and it appears to invoke a vasoconstrictor as part of the overall hemostatic effect (Cole et al, 1997;Kulling et al, 1998Kulling et al, , 1999Chan et al, 2000;Ikeda et al, 2002). Recently, the pGlcNAc gel has also been utilized in animal studies as an agent for the treatment of gastric varices (Kulling et al, 1998(Kulling et al, , 1999.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial embolization using poly‐N‐acetyl glucosamine gel in a rat kidney model

Kang

Moreira

et al. 2005

Anat. Rec.

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Aqueous solutions of poly-N-acetyl glucosamine (p-GlcNAc) exhibit a liquid-gel transition at physiological pH and temperature. This feature inspired the authors to conduct a study to evaluate the macro-and histological changes of rat kidneys after embolization using either p-GlcNAc gel injection into the renal artery or ligation of the renal artery. The procedures were performed in 46 rats through open abdominal surgeries. Animals were sacrificed at 3 days and at 1, 3, 5, and 8 weeks postoperatively. The results of both macro-observation and histological study showed that p-GlcNAc gels were effective in causing necrosis and subsequent fibrosis in all embolized kidneys. The data indicate that p-GlcNAc gel may have promise as an effective agent for therapeutic embolization.

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The effect of chitosan (poly-N-acetyl glucosamine) on lingual hemostasis in heparinized rabbits

Cited by 158 publications

References 10 publications

Is Chitosan a New Panacea? Areas of Application

Is Chitosan a New Panacea? Areas of Application

Hemostatic effect of a chitosan linear polymer (Celox®) in a severe femoral artery bleeding rat model under hypothermia or warfarin therapy

Arterial embolization using poly‐N‐acetyl glucosamine gel in a rat kidney model

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