The effect of chlorides on concrete in hot and arid regions

Ben-Yair, M.

doi:10.1016/0008-8846(74)90106-9

Cited by 47 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…For exposure solutions with NaCl, it has been claimed [13,25] that the NaCl will react with the Ca(OH) 2 , which is in excess in the system and form NaOH and CaCl 2 . The CaCl 2 formed should then react with e.g.…”

Section: Comparison Of Measured and Modelled Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the associated cation on chloride binding of Portland cement paste

Weerdt

Colombo

Coppola

et al. 2015

Cement and Concrete Research

198

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Section: Comparison Of Measured and Modelled Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the associated cation on chloride binding of Portland cement paste

Weerdt

Colombo

Coppola

et al. 2015

Cement and Concrete Research

198

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“…Deposition of expansive products (mainly gypsum) in the very fine pore structure of the low w/c concrete Performance evaluation of blended cement concretes under MgSO 4 attack Vedalakshmi, Saraswathy and Ki Yong leads to higher expansion. On the other hand, concretes with higher w/c ratio having larger pore size could accommodate the expansive products (Al-Amoudi et al, 1993;Ben-Yair, 1974) and this leads to lower expansion.…”

Section: Strength Deterioration Factormentioning

confidence: 98%

Performance evaluation of blended cement concretes under MgSO₄ attack

Vedalakshmi¹,

Saraswathy²,

Yong³

2011

Magazine of Concrete Research

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The increased use of blended cements in marine concrete structures necessitates the evaluation of their performance in the presence of magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ). In the present study, the behaviour of concrete containing three cements such as ordinary Portland cement (OPC), Portland pozzolana cement (PPC) and Portland slag cement (PSC) is studied by exposing the concrete specimens in 10% magnesium sulfate solution under laboratory condition and in the tidal zone of seawater. The studies reveal that under both conditions the order of resistance to sulfate attack of three cements is OPC > PPC > PSC. Because of the presence of a greater amount of calcium-aluminate-rich glasses, the concretes containing PSC are more susceptible to sulfate attack. Both in OPC and blended cements, the magnesium sulfate attack is greater in low water to cement (w/c) ratio concretes than in high w/c ratio concretes. Unlike sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) attack, magnesium sulfate attack is more active in blended cements and reduces the time to failure (T f ) of concrete by 1 . 2 times in 20 and 30 MPa concretes and by 4 times in 40 MPa concrete. Compared to PSC, the T f of PPC is longer and the behaviour is similar to OPC. Differential thermal analysis shows that the major expansive product is gypsum and the method of attack is mostly by softening rather than by swelling and expansion. The combined action of chemical attack by sulfates and mechanical attack by waves is the major influencing parameter when concrete specimens are exposed to the seawater.

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“…Hence, in coastal zones, combined chloride and sulfate attacks are common phenomena. Chloride ions have higher diffusion rates than that of sulfate ions, which allows more rapid penetration of the chloride ions into concrete and subsequent reaction with the aluminate phases to form Friedel's salt (3CaOÁAl 2 O 3 ÁCaCl 2 Á10H 2 O), which is non-expansive and non-deleterious [78,79]. Hence, limited reactive alumina will be available for any form of sulfate attack (conventional or TSA).…”

Section: à Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%