The Effect of Chromium and Herbicide on the Growth of Aspergillus terreus Isolated from Soil Environment

Abstract

The release of various chemical substances by human activities in soil leads to change its soil properties and affect the life of microbes, plants and animals including human. Microorganisms, especially fungi play an important role in soil fertility and various biochemical features, which is affected by the contamination of heavy metals and Organo-chlorine compounds including herbicides. Therefore, the present study was focused on the bio-diversity of fungi from soil samples collected from leather industry (6 samples) and paddy field (6 samples) environment. Further, the frequently occurring species named Aspergillus terreus from the above soil was studied in vitro for the growth tolerance of chromium and herbicide (Pretilachlor) at various concentrations amended in PDA medium. The results indicated that the fungi such as A. niger, A. glaucus, A. terreus, A. nidulans, A. flavus, curvularia sp, Penicillium sp and sterile mycelia fungi were mainly present in the above soil samples. For quantitative pattern, leather industry soil showed 4,100 cfu/g to 30,600 cfu/g with an average of 16,896 cfu/g whereas the paddy field soil had 14,700 cfu/g to 33,720 cfu/g with an average of 22,215cfu/g. However, A. terreus and A. niger were present remarkably in the above soil samples. Hence, for the study of in vitro tolerance of chromium by A. terreus, the increased concentrations such as 100ppm to 500ppm, the growth observed as in the decreasing level, whereas above 500ppm, growth is completely suppressed. But, for the herbicide amendment in Potato dextrose broth, the fungi able to grow up to 1000ppm with decreasing level. The present study concludes that the species A. terreus could be an effective microorganism to degrade herbicide (pretilachlor) and moderately for chromium in the soil environment.

Bioethanol Production from Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) using Different Microbial Inoculants

“…Aspergillus niger is white in color at first day of growth and becomes black heads on third day of growth, texture shows cottony appearance, septate mycelium, conidiophore arises from fertile branch and sporangium appears in globose shape. 13 Thus, it is a capable substitute feedstock for production of bioethanol. The rice wine is produced by the koji mold Aspergillus oryzae.…”

Analysis ofAspergillus versicolorexudate composition

“…Members of the genus Aspergillus are filamentous fungi that are distributed in different natural habitats, including the ocean [1], air [2], soil [3], and plants [4, 5]. Aspergillus versicolor , an important species of the genus Aspergillus that is widely distributed in nature [6], is a major etiological agent for mold decay in various substances, such as spoiled bread, biodegraded coal, and deteriorated leather.…”