The Effect of Chromium Particles on Nickel Electrodeposition

Abstract

In order to obtain an understanding of the mechanism of chromium particle occlusion in electrodeposited stainless‐steel‐type coatings, the U.S. Bureau of Mines has studied the effect of chromium particles on nickel electrodeposition. The chromium particles catalyzed nickel electrodeposition on a vitreous carbon surface. Chromium particle additions, when added to Watt's‐type electrolytes, of 0.33M,0.67M,normaland 1.00M NiSO4 , shifted the nickel reduction wave to more positive potentials on a vitreous carbon surface. From rotating cylinder electrode studies it was concluded that nickel deposition with or without chromium particles is a kinetically limited rather than mass‐transfer‐limited process. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments with and without chromium particles verified the rate‐determining step proposed by Epelboin, with the Ni+(ads) limiting the nickel electrodeposition. The chromium particles appear to enhance the formation of this Nifalse(normaladsfalse)+ intermediate.

Electrodeposition and characterization of Ni–Co/SiC nanocomposite coatings

“…The point is related to the addition of the SiC nano particles to the deposition bath, which leads to the positive shift of Ni-Co polarization curve. Such behavior has been observed for conductive particles like Cr particles [42] and semi-conductive particles like SiC [43]. However, this positive shift is quite different with Shi et al's reports [27] for the SiC codeposition with nickel and cobalt ions.…”

“…However, this positive shift is quite different with Shi et al's reports [27] for the SiC codeposition with nickel and cobalt ions. The positive shift is ascribed to an increase in the active cathode surface area and the increase in the ionic transfer by the SiC nano particulates, resulted from the fresh solution brought to the surface by the stationary film of liquid on each particle [42][43][44][45]. It will be discussed in the next section by SEM where the presence of the SiC particulates in growing Ni-Co matrix increases the effective surface area of the cathode.…”

Kinetics analysis of Ni-TiO2 composite system during initial stages of electro-crystallization

“…It was believed that the inductive loop represented the presence of the intermediate. Some researchers represented the inductive loops as the surface coverage of the adsorbed intermediate [24], whereas other researchers considered that the loop was related to the adsorption/desorption process of intermediates on/from the cathode surface [25]. EPELBOIN et al [26] proposed a model using a chemical impedance procedure.…”

Electrochemical codeposition of inert particles in a metallic matrix

“…Several authors determined cathodic polarization curves for the codeposition plating bath with and without particles. Most [15,19,22,39,42] found a higher current density for the same cathode potential when particles were present, indicating a depolarization of the cathode. Suzuki et al [43] did extensive research on the polarization behaviour of the cathode for Ag-A1203.…”