The effect of CO<sub>2</sub>enrichment on net photosynthesis of the red alga<i>Furcellaria lumbricalis</i>in a brackish water environment

Pajusalu, Liina; Martin, Georg; Paalme, Tiina; Põllumäe, Arno

doi:10.7717/peerj.2505

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…These data concur with those from field studies at naturally high CO 2 sites where flexibility to utilize CO 2 for photosynthesis increased a species abundance in the community adjacent to the CO 2 seeps 18 . Several experimental and culture studies have also shown an increase in photosynthesis and growth in temperate macroalgae in response to elevated p CO 2 43 , 44 . Others suggest that greater CO 2 availability only advantages macroalgae that solely depend on CO 2 diffusion and lack CCMs 7 , 30 , 45 , 46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of irradiance and C-use strategies in tropical macroalgae photosynthetic response to ocean acidification

Zweng

Koch

Bowes

2018

Sci Rep

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Fleshy macroalgae may increase photosynthesis with greater CO2 availability under ocean acidification (OA) and outcompete calcifying macroalgae important for tropical reef accretion. Macroalgae use energy-dependent carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) to take up HCO3−, the dominant inorganic carbon for marine photosynthesis, but carbon-use strategies may depend on the pCO2, pH and irradiance. We examined photosynthesis in eight tropical macroalgae across a range of irradiances (0–1200 μmol photon m−2 s−1), pH levels (7.5–8.5) and CO2 concentrations (3–43 μmol kg−1). Species-specific CCM strategies were assessed using inhibitors and δ13C isotope signatures. Our results indicate that the log of irradiance is a predictor of the photosynthetic response to elevated pCO2 (R2 > 0.95). All species utilized HCO3−, exhibited diverse C-use pathways and demonstrated facultative HCO3− use. All fleshy species had positive photosynthetic responses to OA, in contrast to a split amongst calcifiers. We suggest that shifts in photosynthetically-driven tropical macroalgal changes due to OA will most likely occur in moderate to high-irradiance environments when CCMs are ineffective at meeting the C-demands of photosynthesis. Further, facultative use of HCO3− allows greater access to CO2 for photosynthesis under OA conditions, particularly amongst fleshy macroalgae, which could contribute to enhance fleshy species dominance over calcifiers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of irradiance and C-use strategies in tropical macroalgae photosynthetic response to ocean acidification

Zweng

Koch

Bowes

2018

Sci Rep

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“…Experiments on climate change effects have been made also with other macroalgae and vascular plants. Thus, OA increased the growth of the opportunistic green alga Ulva intestinalis in the Gulf of Riga (Pajusalu et al, 2013;Pajusalu et al, 2016). Other studies showed that charophyte photosynthesis increased under high pCO2, whereas eelgrass did not respond to the elevated pCO2 alone (Pajusalu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Macroalgae and Vascular Plantsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Climate Change in the Baltic Sea Region: A Summary

Meier

Kniebusch

Dieterich

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge about the effects of global warming on past and future changes in climate of the Baltic Sea region is summarized and assessed. The study is an update of the Second Assessment of Climate Change (BACC II) published in 2015 and focusses on the atmosphere, land, cryosphere, ocean, sediments and the terrestrial and marine biosphere. Based on the summaries of the recent knowledge gained in paleo-, historical and future regional climate research, we find that the main conclusions from earlier assessments remain still valid. However, new long-term, homogenous observational records, e.g. for Scandinavian glacier inventories, sea-level driven saltwater inflows, so-called Major Baltic Inflows, and phytoplankton species distribution and new scenario simulations with improved models, e.g. for glaciers, lake ice and marine food web, have become available. In many cases, uncertainties can now be better estimated than before, because more models can be included in the ensembles, especially for the Baltic Sea. With the help of coupled models, feedbacks between several components of the Earth System have been studied and multiple driver studies were performed, e.g. projections of the food web that include fisheries, eutrophication and climate change. New data sets and projections have led to a revised understanding of changes in some variables such as salinity. Furthermore, it has become evident that natural variability, in particular for the ocean on multidecadal time scales, is greater than previously estimated, challenging our ability to detect observed and projected changes in climate. In this context, the first paleoclimate simulations regionalized for the Baltic Sea region are instructive. Hence, estimated uncertainties for the projections of many variables increased. In addition to the well-known influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation, it was found that also other low-frequency modes of internal variability, such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, have profound effects on the climate of the Baltic Sea region. Challenges were also identified, such as the systematic discrepancy between future cloudiness trends in global and regional models and the difficulty of confidently attributing large observed changes in marine ecosystems to climate change. Finally, we compare our results with other coastal sea assessments, such as the North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment (NOSCCA) and find that the effects of climate change on the Baltic Sea differ from those on the North Sea, since Baltic Sea oceanography and ecosystems are very different from other coastal seas such as the North Sea. While the North Sea dynamics is dominated by tides, the Baltic Sea is characterized by brackish water, a perennial vertical stratification in the southern sub-basins and a seasonal sea ice cover in the northern sub-basins.

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“…Experiments on climate change effects have also been made with other macroalgae and vascular plants. Thus, OA increased the growth of the opportunistic green alga, Ulva intestinalis, in the Gulf of Riga (Pajusalu et al, 2013(Pajusalu et al, , 2016. Other studies showed that charophyte photosynthesis increased under high pCO 2 , whereas eelgrass did not respond to the elevated pCO 2 alone (Pajusalu et al, 2015).…”

Section: 36(21) Macroalgae and Vascular Plantsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Climate change in the Baltic Sea region: a summary

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of global warming on past and future changes in climate of the Baltic Sea region is summarised and assessed. The study is an update of the Second Assessment of Climate Change (BACC II) published in 2015 and focuses on the atmosphere, land, cryosphere, ocean, sediments, and the terrestrial and marine biosphere. Based on the summaries of the recent knowledge gained in palaeo-, historical, and future regional climate research, we find that the main conclusions from earlier assessments still remain valid. However, new long-term, homogenous observational records, for example, for Scandinavian glacier inventories, sea-level-driven saltwater inflows, so-called Major Baltic Inflows, and phytoplankton species distribution, and new scenario simulations with improved models, for example, for glaciers, lake ice, and marine food web, have become available. In many cases, uncertainties can now be better estimated than before because more models were included in the ensembles, especially for the Baltic Sea. With the help of coupled models, feedbacks between several components of the Earth system have been studied, and multiple driver studies were performed, e.g. projections of the food web that include fisheries, eutrophication, and climate change. New datasets and projections have led to a revised understanding of changes in some variables such as salinity. Furthermore, it has become evident that natural variability, in particular for the ocean on multidecadal timescales, is greater than previously estimated, challenging our ability to detect observed and projected changes in climate. In this context, the first palaeoclimate simulations regionalised for the Baltic Sea region are instructive. Hence, estimated uncertainties for the projections of many variables increased. In addition to the well-known influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation, it was found that also other low-frequency modes of internal variability, such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, have profound effects on the climate of the Baltic Sea region. Challenges were also identified, such as the systematic discrepancy between future cloudiness trends in global and regional models and the difficulty of confidently attributing large observed changes in marine ecosystems to climate change. Finally, we compare our results with other coastal sea assessments, such as the North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment (NOSCCA), and find that the effects of climate change on the Baltic Sea differ from those on the North Sea, since Baltic Sea oceanography and ecosystems are very different from other coastal seas such as the North Sea. While the North Sea dynamics are dominated by tides, the Baltic Sea is characterised by brackish water, a perennial vertical stratification in the southern subbasins, and a seasonal sea ice cover in the northern subbasins.

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The effect of CO₂enrichment on net photosynthesis of the red algaFurcellaria lumbricalisin a brackish water environment

Cited by 17 publications

References 61 publications

The role of irradiance and C-use strategies in tropical macroalgae photosynthetic response to ocean acidification

The role of irradiance and C-use strategies in tropical macroalgae photosynthetic response to ocean acidification

Climate Change in the Baltic Sea Region: A Summary

Climate change in the Baltic Sea region: a summary

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The effect of CO2enrichment on net photosynthesis of the red algaFurcellaria lumbricalisin a brackish water environment

Cited by 17 publications

References 61 publications

The role of irradiance and C-use strategies in tropical macroalgae photosynthetic response to ocean acidification

The role of irradiance and C-use strategies in tropical macroalgae photosynthetic response to ocean acidification

Climate Change in the Baltic Sea Region: A Summary

Climate change in the Baltic Sea region: a summary

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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The effect of CO₂enrichment on net photosynthesis of the red algaFurcellaria lumbricalisin a brackish water environment