The Effect of Compound <i>Sophora</i> on Fluorouracil and Oxaliplatin Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells

Wu, Yin; Zhong, GuPing; Fan, Huizhen; Xia, Hongmei

doi:10.1155/2019/7564232

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Overexpression of ABC proteins, however, presents an unfavorable implication on the prognosis of colon cancer patients receiving 5-FU treatment with studies reporting both negative and positive correlations [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Nonetheless, incidence of 5-FU resistance is still consistently motivated by elevated levels of ABC transporters, that includes ABCB1 [P-glycoprotein (P-gp) or MDR1] [ 24 , 25 ]; ABCG2 [breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)] [ 26 , 27 ]; ABCC1 [multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1)] [ 28 , 29 ]; ABCC3 [ 20 ], and ABCC2 [ 30 ]. Surprisingly, in one study, 5-FU resistance in colon cancer cells was instead attributed to the loss of ABCB4 [ 31 ].…”

Section: Classical Mechanisms Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…5-FU-resistant cells typically exhibit attenuated effects of 5-FU cytotoxicity with a higher population of cells detected in both G 1 /S and S phases when compared to 5-FU-susceptible cells [ 27 , 28 , 65 , 66 ]. When DNA synthesis remains unimpaired, 5-FU-resistant cells may also observe a higher population of G 2 phase cells when compared to 5-FU-susceptible cells [ 26 ]. Prolonged G 1 and S phases may provide sufficient time for tumor cells to counteract against 5-FU-induced DNA damage through activation of DNA repair pathways.…”

Section: Classical Mechanisms Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sophorae flavescens or shrubby sophora, is a plant with a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicines to elicit antioxidants effects and immunity enhancement. When co-treated with 5-FU in colon cancer cells, compound Sophora injection had also improved 5-FU cytotoxic effects by downregulating the expression of P-gp and ABCG2 that resulted in an increase in drug accumulation within treated cells [ 26 ]. Induction of sensitivity may also likely be attributed to the inhibition of EMT and NF-κB pathways mediated by oxymatrine as one of the many bioactive components contained in Sophora injection [ 92 ].…”

Section: Reversal Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Updates on Mechanisms of Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil and Reversal Strategies in Colon Cancer Treatment

Azwar

Seow

Abdullah

et al. 2021

Biology

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5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) plus leucovorin (LV) remain as the mainstay standard adjuvant chemotherapy treatment for early stage colon cancer, and the preferred first-line option for metastatic colon cancer patients in combination with oxaliplatin in FOLFOX, or irinotecan in FOLFIRI regimens. Despite treatment success to a certain extent, the incidence of chemotherapy failure attributed to chemotherapy resistance is still reported in many patients. This resistance, which can be defined by tumor tolerance against chemotherapy, either intrinsic or acquired, is primarily driven by the dysregulation of various components in distinct pathways. In recent years, it has been established that the incidence of 5-FU resistance, akin to multidrug resistance, can be attributed to the alterations in drug transport, evasion of apoptosis, changes in the cell cycle and DNA-damage repair machinery, regulation of autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell involvement, tumor microenvironment interactions, miRNA dysregulations, epigenetic alterations, as well as redox imbalances. Certain resistance mechanisms that are 5-FU-specific have also been ascertained to include the upregulation of thymidylate synthase, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and the downregulation of thymidine phosphorylase. Indeed, the successful modulation of these mechanisms have been the game plan of numerous studies that had employed small molecule inhibitors, plant-based small molecules, and non-coding RNA regulators to effectively reverse 5-FU resistance in colon cancer cells. It is hoped that these studies would provide fundamental knowledge to further our understanding prior developing novel drugs in the near future that would synergistically work with 5-FU to potentiate its antitumor effects and improve the patient’s overall survival.

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Section: Classical Mechanisms Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Classical Mechanisms Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reversal Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Recent Updates on Mechanisms of Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil and Reversal Strategies in Colon Cancer Treatment

Azwar

Seow

Abdullah

et al. 2021

Biology

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“…Historically, cancers that spread within the peritoneal cavity were deemed fatal [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel, colon, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer in the large intestine originating from the colon or rectum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Evaluation of Intraperitoneal Long-Acting Oxaliplatin-Loaded Multi-Vesicular Liposomal Depot for Colorectal Cancer Treatment

et al. 2020

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Colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastasis has a poor prognosis because of inadequate responses to systemic chemotherapy. Cytoreductive surgery followed by intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy using oxaliplatin has attracted attention; however, the short half-life of oxaliplatin and its rapid clearance from the peritoneal cavity limit its clinical application. Here, a multivesicular liposomal (MVL) depot of oxaliplatin was prepared for IP administration, with an expected prolonged effect. After optimization, a combination of phospholipids, cholesterol, and triolein was used based on its ability to produce MVL depots of monomodal size distribution (1–20 µm; span 1.99) with high entrapment efficiency (EE) (92.16% ± 2.17%). An initial burst release followed by a long lag phase of drug release was observed for the MVL depots system in vitro. An in vivo pharmacokinetic study mimicking the early postoperative IP chemotherapy regimen in rats showed significantly improved bioavailability, and the mean residence time of oxaliplatin after IP administration revealed that slow and continuous erosion of the MVL particles yielded a sustained drug release. Thus, oxaliplatin-loaded MVL depots presented in this study have potential for use in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

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“…In addition, it was reported that ginsenoside Re (GRe) had an antineuroinflammation effect in addition to a protective effect against colitis (Lee et al 2012;Zhang et al 2016). Natural compounds in Kampo medicines attract attention as therapeutic agents for diseases with high efficacy and low toxicity (Khan et al 2019;Yin et al 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of ginsenoside treatment to alleviate anticancer-drug induced mucoenteritis in mice

Kato¹,

Jonan²,

Sugahara³

et al. 2022

IPh

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, which is widely used as an anticancer drug, causes enteritis due to disruption of mucosal tissue, resulting in diarrhoea and body weight loss. Ginsenoside Rd (GRd) and ginsenoside Re (GRe) are two of the saponins contained in carrots. Their anti-inflammatory effects on the digestive system have been reported, but their effects on small intestinal mucositis have not been studied much. This study investigated the effect of GRd and GRe on 5-FU-induced mucoenteritis. GRd and GRe did not affect weight loss or exacerbation of diarrhoea due to 5-FU administration in mice. Histopathological observations showed that 5-FU reduced the shortening of intestinal villi and the number of crypts and cells compared to the vehicle group. However, co-administration of GRd and GRe, significantly suppressed the decrease in the number of small intestinal crypts and cells in the crypt by 5-FU treatment. It indicates that 5-FU-induced enteritis is attenuated by the co-administration of GRd and GRe. The expression of NF-κB was increased by 5-FU administration and this increase was clearly suppressed in the group that was co-administered GRd. Although the anti-inflammatory effects of GRd and GRe have been reported based on various mechanisms in many models, the mechanism of their enteritis-suppressing action in anticancer drug-induced enteritis has not been clarified. It was reported that the anti-inflammatory effect of GRd was due to the suppression of NF-κB expression; we concluded that NF-κB may be one of the molecules involved in the suppression of 5-FU-incuced enteritis.

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The Effect of Compound Sophora on Fluorouracil and Oxaliplatin Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Recent Updates on Mechanisms of Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil and Reversal Strategies in Colon Cancer Treatment

Recent Updates on Mechanisms of Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil and Reversal Strategies in Colon Cancer Treatment

Preparation and Evaluation of Intraperitoneal Long-Acting Oxaliplatin-Loaded Multi-Vesicular Liposomal Depot for Colorectal Cancer Treatment

Efficacy of ginsenoside treatment to alleviate anticancer-drug induced mucoenteritis in mice

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