The effect of concurrent infection with <i>Trichinella spiralis</i> on <i>Hymenolepis microstoma</i> in mice

Howard, Russell J.; Christie, P.; Wakelin, D.; Wilson, Margaret M.; Behnke, Jerzy M.

doi:10.1017/s0031182000050241

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Unlike Heligmosomoides polygyrus, which is long lived in mice and mastocytosis suppressed (Ghildyal et al 1992, Behnke et al 1993 (Leid et al 1987, Shepherd et al 1991, McHardy et al 1993), but it is worth noting that newly excysted H. microstoma are resistant to complementmediated lysis (Bogh et al 1986). The bile duct may protect H. microstoma from the mast cell response, as is implicit in the data of Howard et al (1978), but we detected significant quantities of mMCP-I in the bile duct tissue. Bile duct hypertrophy, involving inflammation, fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis (Novak & Nombrado 1988), is a normal sequela of infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Mucosal mast cell responses and release of mast cell protease‐I in infections of mice with Hymenolepis diminuta and H. microstoma: modulation by cyclosporin A

McLauchlan

Roberts

Loxton

et al. 1999

Parasite Immunology

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The dynamics of intestinal mucosal mast cells and the major mucosal mast cell protease were followed during the course of laboratory infections of mice with Hymenolepis diminuta and H. microstoma. The effects of the drug cyclosporin A (CsA), which is both immunosuppressive and selectively anthelmintic depending upon dose regime, were determined. In H. diminuta infections worm expulsion occurred around day 9 and coincided with peak mastocytosis and peak mMCP-I concentrations in tissues and serum. Immunosuppressive treatment with CsA prevented worm expulsion, permitting some individuals to reach maturity, and abrogated mast cell proliferation and mMCP-I production and release. By contrast, H. microstoma infections persisted for 64 days in spite of a considerable mastocyosis in both intestine and bile duct tissues accompanied by a high level of mMCP-I in tissues and serum. A subimmunosuppressive regime of CsA had only limited effects on worms and mast cell numbers and activity. Together these data shed light on the variable mast cell response to gastrointestinal infections and on the potential significance of parasite location in evasion of mast cell action. Use of CsA reveals the contributions of both T cell-dependent mechanisms, including mast cell proliferation and activation, and T cell-independent events in regulating intestinal helminth infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Mucosal mast cell responses and release of mast cell protease‐I in infections of mice with Hymenolepis diminuta and H. microstoma: modulation by cyclosporin A

McLauchlan

Roberts

Loxton

et al. 1999

Parasite Immunology

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“…While we observed the classic crowding effect in H. microstoma , this was not the only determinant of adult worm mass. Although H. microstoma had poor growth in a high inflammatory host environment during coinfection with the expulsion phase of Trichinella spiralis [ 48 ], the relatively low inflammatory environment of a mature H. bakeri infection did not yield maximal H. microstoma mass. This is evidenced by the observation that, although there were similar infection intensities among treatment groups, H. microstoma mass was not greater when a mature H. bakeri infection occurred before H. microstoma were given (NC) when compared to mice infected only with H. microstoma (C) or when H. microstoma were given before H. bakeri (CN).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Order of Inoculation during Heligmosomoides bakeri and Hymenolepis microstoma Coinfection Alters Parasite Life History and Host Responses

et al. 2013

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Parasite life history may differ during coinfection compared to single infections, and the order of infection may be an important predictor of life history traits. We subjected laboratory mice (Mus musculus) to single and coinfections with Heligmosomoides bakeri and Hymenolepis microstoma and measured life history traits of worms and also hepatobiliary and morphological responses by the host. We found that fewer H. bakeri larvae established, and adult worms were shorter and produced fewer eggs during a coinfection where H. microstoma occurred first. H. microstoma grew more and released more eggs after simultaneous inoculation of both parasites compared to a single H. microstoma infection, despite similar worm numbers. Mouse small intestine mass, but not length, varied with coinfection and bile duct mass was largest when H. microstoma was given alone or first. Mouse serum alkaline phosphatase levels were greatest for mice infected with H. microstoma only but did not vary with number of scolices; no change in mouse serum alanine transaminase levels was observed. Overall, the order of coinfection influenced life history traits of both H. bakeri and H. microstoma, but changes in survival, growth, and reproduction with order of inoculation were not consistent between the two parasites.

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“…Infection of a single host with two related tapeworms is of interest, in that the two parasite populations may interact directly in competition for food (Read & Phifer, 1959) and/or location specificity signals (Hopkins & Allen, 1979). An established infection may inhibit a challenge, be it homologous or heterologous, by limiting the establishment, growth or survival of the challenge, probably via an immune-mediated mechanism (Befus, 19756;Howard, Christie, Wakelin, Wilson & Behnke, 1978;Elowni, 1980;Hopkins, 1980). The immunogenicity of adult tapeworms has been demonstrated (see Williams, 1979) and studies on the immunological cross-reactivity between heterologous tapeworm infections in mice have been described by Weinmann (1966) and Hopkins, Goodall & Zajac (1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity to tapeworms: intraspecific cross-protective interactions betweenHymenolepis citelli, H. diminutaandH. microstomain mice

Alghali

Grencis

1986

Parasitology

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Interactions between tapeworm species in a single host offer intriguing opportunities for immunological studies that attempt to identify the mechanism(s) underlying protection against cestode infections. Mice that are immunized against Hymenolepis citelli infections were shown to be refractory to subsequent H. diminuta challenge infections. The reciprocity of the response was also demonstrated, although the protection recorded for H. diminuta when mice are sensitized with H. citelli is weaker than that observed when mice are primed with H. diminuta against H. citelli challenge. H. citelli was also shown to be expelled simultaneously during the rejection phase of H. diminuta in concurrent infections, indicating the susceptibility of the former tapeworm to the rejection mechanism initiated by the latter. H. microstoma-immunized mice were shown to be strongly protected against heterologous H. citelli challenge. However, mice primed against H. citelli were not as strongly protected against H. microstoma challenge infections: a statistically significant protection was obtained only after a 12-cysticercoid H. citelli primary infection, although a 6-cyst infection did stunt the growth of H. microstoma challenge worms. It is presently suggested that the cross-protective responses observed in the study between H. citelli, H. diminuta and H. microstoma may have emanated from a specific immunological cross-reactivity due to the sharing of similar immunogens.

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The effect of concurrent infection with Trichinella spiralis on Hymenolepis microstoma in mice

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Mucosal mast cell responses and release of mast cell protease‐I in infections of mice with Hymenolepis diminuta and H. microstoma: modulation by cyclosporin A

Mucosal mast cell responses and release of mast cell protease‐I in infections of mice with Hymenolepis diminuta and H. microstoma: modulation by cyclosporin A

Order of Inoculation during Heligmosomoides bakeri and Hymenolepis microstoma Coinfection Alters Parasite Life History and Host Responses

Immunity to tapeworms: intraspecific cross-protective interactions betweenHymenolepis citelli, H. diminutaandH. microstomain mice

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