The Effect of Conditioning on the Flotation of Pyrrhotite in the Presence of Chlorite

Chen, Yanfei; Shi, Qing; Feng, Qiming; Lu, Yiping; Zhang, Wencai

doi:10.3390/min7070125

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Herein, all the peaks observed in the orange curve were attributed to the barite sample in agreement with previous reports. , Similarly, the results for celestite (shown in green) are supported by previous literature reports. , With regard to sulfide scales, XRD confirmed that the sample used herein is pure PbS. All the peaks, shown in purple at 2 theta of 26, 30, 43.5, 51, 63, 69, and 71° are for PbS. − Pyrite sample results are given elsewhere, whereas the four peaks at 30, 34.5, 44, and 53.5° (in red color) are for pyrrhotite. − Finally, carbonate scales are studied using the CaCO 3 sample with the XRD peaks illustrated in black and are in agreement with the published literature. , All samples were pure minerals as confirmed by the XRD results.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Dissolution Kinetics of Different Inorganic Oilfield Scales in Green Formulations

et al. 2020

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Scale mineral deposition is a critical problem that hinders the daily production of oil and gas fields. Chemical removal of these scales, based on the scale type, is common. In this paper, borax and diethylene tremaine penta acetic (DTPA) acid-based formulations are used for the removal of sulfides, carbonates, and sulfate scales. In particular, the dissolution rates of sulfide (pyrite, pyrrhotite, and galena), sulfate (celestite and barite), and carbonate (calcite) scales were investigated in a rotating disc apparatus at typical well conditions. Scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction analyses were performed for characterizing scale composition and type. The effect of temperature, scale type, and formulation on the dissolution rate is studied. Even though borax formulation has been developed for the sulfide scale removal, it showed a high dissolution rate for the carbonate scale (7.23 × 10–7 mol·L–1·s–1·cm–2). For the sulfide scale, the highest dissolution in borax formulation was obtained with galena (lead sulfide, PbS), followed by pyrrhotite, and the lowest dissolution was reported for pyrite (1.55 × 10–8 mol·L–1·s–1·cm–2). Borax formulation was found to be inefficient in the removal of sulfate scales with a dissolution rate lower than carbonate and sulfide scales by 3 and 2 orders of magnitude, respectively. Similarly, DTPA-based formulation has yielded the highest dissolution for the carbonate scale (7.98 × 10–6 mol·L–1·s–1·cm–2). However, for sulfate, DTPA-based formulation showed better performance than borax. The increase in temperature leads to an increase in the dissolution rate for almost all types of scales; however, DTPA-based formulation showed improved performance with temperature. Both formulations are efficient in removing sulfate- and sulfide-rich scales. The experimental results of DTPA have been validated by density functional theory calculations of binding energies between DTPA and metal ions present in the mixed scale.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Dissolution Kinetics of Different Inorganic Oilfield Scales in Green Formulations

et al. 2020

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“…The single mineral flotation was carried out in an XFG-type mechanical agitation flotation machine with a 40 mL cell [21]. The pyrite suspension was prepared by adding 2.0 g of pyrites, which was treated by 5 min ultrasonic pretreatment to 35 mL solutions.…”

Section: Flotationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method to Limit the Adverse Effect of Fine Serpentine on the Flotation of Pyrite

et al. 2018

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A novel method to limit the adverse effect of fine serpentine on the flotation of pyrite was investigated in this paper. The flotation results showed that coarser serpentine possessed a weaker depression effect on the pyrite flotation process, and the use of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O could efficiently limit the detrimental effect of fine serpentine on pyrite with a maximum increase of pyrite recovery from 14% to 86% at pH 9.0. The results of particle size measurements and rheological measurements exhibited that the addition of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O increased the particle size of serpentine buta hrdly affected the particle size of pyrite, then limited the formation of serpentine-pyrite aggregates. Adsorption test results showed that the adsorption density of potassium butyl xanthate (PBX) onto pyrite regained with the addition of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O, thereby achieving good flotation improvement. It can be concluded that KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O is likely to be an effective pyrite flotation reagent, especially in the presence of fine serpentine.Aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate (KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O), which is commonly known as potassium alum, has been most commonly used as an inorganic coagulant for decades due to its characteristics of nontoxicity, cheapness, and wide sources [15,16]. KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O hydrolyzes to form an amorphous floc of Al(OH) 3 (s) to coagulate small particles into large flocs by its high adsorption affinity in aqueous solution [17,18]. However, the utilization of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O to remove the depressant of fine serpentine on the flotation of sulphide minerals has not been studied previously, and thus it was chosen as a potential coagulant in removing slime coatings of fine serpentine from sulphide minerals in this study. Pyrite is the most widespread and abundant of naturally occurring metal sulphides, and is always associated with magnesium silicate minerals [19,20]. Therefore, it was chosen as the valuable mineral in this paper. The effect of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O on the flotation process was evaluated through single mineral flotation, particle size measurements, rheology measurements, and adsorption measurements. Materials and Methods Samples and ReagentsThe serpentine and pyrite minerals used for all the experiments were obtained from Donghai, Jiangsu Province, and Yunfu, Guangdong Province of China, respectively. Serpentine and pyrite samples were crushed to −1 mm in a laboratory roll crusher and grounded using an agate mortar and pestle to the designed fraction. Here, −150 + 74 µm, −74 + 38 µm, and −10 µm serpentine and −150 + 74 µm pyrite particles were used for the flotation tests; the −10 µm serpentine and −150 + 74 µm pyrite particles were used for particle size measurements and rheology measurements; and the −10 µm serpentine and −38 µm pyrite particles were used for the adsorption measurements. According to the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), shown in Figure 1, the serpentine sample constituted 98% serpentine and 2% chlorite, and the purity of pyrite was higher...

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“…In addition, the entrainment of minerals may be correlated with particle size [8]. However, most studies focus on the interaction between silicate and sulfide minerals rather than the entrainment, which also has a great influence on the concentrate grade of sulfide [9][10][11][12]. Thus, it is also very important to investigate the entrainment of chlorite in order to devise effective strategies for its elimination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Molecular Weight of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on the Flotation of Chlorite

Chen

Zhang

2023

Materials

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The present study aimed to investigate the influence mechanism of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on the flotation of fine chlorite. To this end, a series of flotation tests, sedimentation tests, and microscope analyses were conducted. Flotation tests revealed an inverse relationship between particle size and the recovery of chlorite, indicating that finer particles exhibited higher recovery rates. Moreover, it was observed that the recovery of fine chlorite was significantly associated with the water recovery (proportion of water entering the floated product to the weight of water in the initial flotation suspension) and a variety of frother types. Based on these findings, it can be inferred that froth entrainment may constitute a crucial component of the recovery mechanism underlying fine chlorite. Thus, reducing froth entrainment (the phenomenon of hydrophilic minerals entering floated products through foam water) is the key to depress chlorite flotation. Flotation tests indicate that fine chlorite recovered into froth products can be depressed effectively by CMC with a high molecular weight. The results of sedimentation tests and microscope analyses in the presence of CMC prove that CMC with a high molecular weight generates flocculation on fine chlorite particles while that with a low molecular weight does not. It is suggested that the depression of chlorite flotation may be attributed to the reduction in the entrainment resulting from the flocculation induced by CMC.

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The Effect of Conditioning on the Flotation of Pyrrhotite in the Presence of Chlorite

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Dissolution Kinetics of Different Inorganic Oilfield Scales in Green Formulations

Dissolution Kinetics of Different Inorganic Oilfield Scales in Green Formulations

A Novel Method to Limit the Adverse Effect of Fine Serpentine on the Flotation of Pyrite

Effect of the Molecular Weight of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on the Flotation of Chlorite

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