The Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acids (CLA) Supplementation on the Activity of Enzymes Participating in the Formation of Arachidonic Acid in Liver Microsomes of Rats—Probable Mechanism of CLA Anticancer Activity

Abstract

The aim of the present research was to examine the effect of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) supplementation on the activity of enzymes that take part in the synthesis of arachidonic acid (AA) and also to investigate the relation between their activity and the neoplastic process. The enzyme activities were established indirectly, because their measure was the amount of AA formed in vitro, being developed from linoleic acid as determined in liver microsomes of Spraque-Dawley rats. In addition, the indices of Δ⁶-desaturase (D6D) and Δ⁵-desaturase (D5D) were determined. To this aim, the method of high per-formance liquid chromatography with UV/VIS detection was used. Between the examined groups, statistically significant differences were observed in the activities of enzymes as well as D6D. The carcinogenic agent applied (DMBA) was found to significantly increase the activity of the examined enzymes. Negative correlation was found between the activities of desaturases and CLA supplementation, whereas the activity of those enzymes was a little higher in the group of rats with chemically induced cancer process. The neoplastic process has a stimulating effect on the activity of D6D. The decrease of D6D activity, resulting from the presence of CLA in the animals' diet, may confirm the anticancer properties of these isomers.

Heating of vegetable oils influences the activity of enzymes participating in arachidonic acid formation in Wistar rats

“…Then, the precipitated microsomes were suspended in 4-mL isolation medium. Thus, prepared microsomal fraction was stored at a temperature of −70°C until the time of analysis [9,19]. …”

“…Thus, the processes of elongation and desaturation depend on absolute amounts of those fatty acids as well as on the activity of enzymes (mainly desaturases) that play a key role on the pathway of these metabolic transformations. One of the factors that significantly affects desaturase activity is the kind and the composition of the supplied diet [2,[4][5][6][7][8][9]. Many studies showed the influence of low-fat diet, high-fat diet, and PUFA-enriched diet on the activity of Δ 6 -desaturase (D6D) [6,10].…”

The C18:3n6/C22:4n6 ratio is a good lipid marker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression

“…Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major challenge for public health due to its high incidence, common progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and the higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature death [1,2]. The profile of fatty acids (FA) changes due to diet, but it also changes in some diseases, such as debilitating diseases that lead to malnutrition and increased catabolism (cachexia) [3].…”

The Effect of Diet Supplementation with Pomegranate and Bitter Melon on Lipidomic Profile of Serum and Cancerous Tissues of Rats with Mammary Tumours

“…Conjugated fatty acids (CFA) are geometric and positional isomers of PUFA with conjugated double bonds system in chain, which are characterised by health-promoting properties [19][20][21]. Due to similar structures to LA or α-linolenic acid (C18:3, c,c,c-∆9,12,15, ALA), conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) and conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA) undergo analogous transformations to their unconjugated equivalents, interfere in their metabolism [22][23][24] and also influence COX and LOX metabolites formation. We previously indicated that CLA can influence HETE, HEPE and HODE formation in both physiological state and ongoing cancerous process [25][26][27].…”