The Effect of Cool Water Ingestion on Gastrointestinal Pill Temperature

Wilkinson, David M.; Carter, James M.; Richmond, Victoria L.; Blacker, Sam D.; Rayson, Mark P.

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31815cc43e

Cited by 159 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As a result, intragastric temperature cannot be used to predict the specific magnitude of change in core temperature following ice slurry ingestion. We confirm that ice slurry has a lasting effect on intragastric temperature that persists for greater than 20 min (Sun, Houghton, Read, Grundy, & Johnson, 1988;Wilkinson et al, 2008) and that a 10 min running warm-up is insufficient to negate such an effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…useful to quantify the general trend of whole body heat stress during exercise regardless of pre-exercise beverage temperature. This is especially important when rectal thermometry is not appropriate and the recommended 6-10 h waiting period between capsule ingestion and measurement is not feasible (Wilkinson et al, 2008). Although tepid fluid had a transient effect on intragastric temperature, ice slurry had a much larger and longer lasting effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; 5-8˚C) significantly decreased the temperature of a capsule ingested immediately prior (capsule 1) vs. a capsule ingested 11.5 h prior (capsule 2) to the first measurement (Wilkinson, Carter, Richmond, Blacker, & Rayson, 2008). A comparison of capsule 2 and rectal temperature demonstrated an average bias of 0.15˚C across 8630 min bouts of repeated rest and fire-fighting drills.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Changes in Intragastric Temperature Reflect Changes in Heat Stress Following Tepid Fluid Ingestion But Not Ice Slurry Ingestion

Stevens¹,

Dascombe²

2015

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

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This study examined the effects of fluid and ice slurry ingestion on the relationship between intragastric temperature and rectal temperature in humans during physical activity. The purpose was to identify a technique to quantify changes in heat stress in situations when temperature probes are not feasible and when time constraints do not allow for a period long enough for an indigestible temperature capsule to reach the lower gastrointestinal tract. Eight moderately trained male runners inserted a rectal probe and ingested a telemetric capsule before randomized, crossover, pre-exercise ingestion of 7.5 mL?kg -1 ?BM -1 tepid fluid (22˚C) or ice slurry (21˚C). Beverage ingestion was followed by a self-paced endurance running time trial. Average intragastric temperature was significantly lower than average rectal temperature across the run following both fluid (37.9 ¡ 0.4˚C vs. 38.4 ¡ 0.2˚C; p50.003) and ice slurry ingestion (37.2 ¡ 0.9 vs. 38.3 ¡ 0.2; p50.009). However, a strong relationship was observed between measurements following fluid (r50.89) but not ice slurry (r50.18). The average bias ¡ limits of agreement during the run was 0.46 ¡ 0.50 following fluid and 1.09 ¡ 1.68 following ice slurry ingestion, which improved to 0.06 ¡ 0.76 and 0.65 ¡ 1.42, respectively when analyzed as delta scores. Intragastric temperature appears to not be a valid measure of absolute core body temperature at baseline or during exercise following either fluid or ice slurry ingestion. However, the relative changes in intragastric temperature during endurance exercise appears to be a strong indicator of systemic heat stress during exercise following ingestion of fluid at 22˚C, but not ice slurry at 21˚C.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Changes in Intragastric Temperature Reflect Changes in Heat Stress Following Tepid Fluid Ingestion But Not Ice Slurry Ingestion

Stevens¹,

Dascombe²

2015

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

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“…To minimize the potential for the ingestion of fluids to create lower temperature readings in our study, participants did not consume any fluids 40 minutes before or during the running trial. Wilkinson et al 13 found that ingestion of cold water (56C to 86C) can affect the sensor temperature measurement for up to 8 hours after sensor ingestion. In these 2 studies, 13,23 researchers showed that a coretemperature sensor needs to be ingested no less than 20 minutes before a measurement period during which fluid is restricted or needs to be ingested at least 8 hours before a measurement period during which cold-fluid consumption is allowed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wilkinson et al 13 found that ingestion of cold water (56C to 86C) can affect the sensor temperature measurement for up to 8 hours after sensor ingestion. Gant et al 14 also discussed a possible 0.156C difference in temperatures between advanced regions of the colon and rectum.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Core-Temperature Sensor Ingestion Timing and Measurement Variability

Domitrovich

Cuddy

Ruby

2010

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Telemetric core-temperature monitoring is becoming more widely used as a noninvasive means of monitoring core temperature during athletic events.Objective: To determine the effects of sensor ingestion timing on serial measures of core temperature during continuous exercise.Design: Crossover study. Setting: Outdoor dirt track at an average ambient temperature of 4.46C 6 4.16C and relative humidity of 74.1% 6 11.0%.Patients or Other Participants: Seven healthy, active participants (3 men, 4 women; age 5 27.0 6 7.5 years, height 5 172.9 6 6.8 cm, body mass 5 67.5 6 6.1 kg, percentage body fat 5 12.7% 6 6.9%, peak oxygen uptake [V O 2peak ] 5 54.4 6 6.9 mLNkg 21 Nmin 21 ) completed the study.Intervention(s): Participants completed a 45-minute exercise trial at approximately 70% V O 2peak . They consumed coretemperature sensors at 24 hours (P1) and 40 minutes (P2) before exercise.Main Outcome Measure(s): Core temperature was recorded continuously (1-minute intervals) using a wireless data logger worn by the participants. All data were analyzed using a 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (trial 3 time), Pearson product moment correlation, and Bland-Altman plot.Results: Fifteen comparisons were made between P1 and P2. The main effect of time indicated an increase in core temperature compared with the initial temperature. However, we did not find a main effect for trial or a trial 3 time interaction, indicating no differences in core temperature between the sensors (P1 5 38.36C 6 0.26C, P2 5 38.36C 6 0.46C).Conclusions: We found no differences in the temperature recordings between the 2 sensors. These results suggest that assumed sensor location (upper or lower gastrointestinal tract) does not appreciably alter the transmission of reliable and repeatable measures of core temperature during continuous running in the cold.Key Words: thermal response, continuous exercise, body temperature Key Points N The telemetric core-temperature sensors recorded consistent core-temperature data independent of the time of ingestion and the assumed location of the sensor in the lower gastrointestinal tract during continuous running in the cold.N The wireless core-temperature sensors could give health care providers a reliable way to track core-temperature changes in athletes during sporting events and to respond more effectively to heat-related symptoms in at-risk participants.T he practical ability to monitor core body temperature might be critical in athletic settings where the probability for developing heat or cold illness is elevated 1 and athletic performance subsequently decreases. 2 The more common methods for measuring core temperature include pulmonary artery, esophageal, rectal, and temporal measurements, which are impractical in a sport or occupational setting. Each of these measurement techniques has different applications for various scenarios. Pulmonary arterial blood temperature is measured with insertion of a catheter into the right pulmonary artery. 3 Measuring esophageal temperature involves positioni...

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Practical cooling interventions for preventing heat strain in indoor factory workers in Thailand

Bach,

Thepaksorn,

Hom Thepaksorn

et al. 2024

American J Industrial Med

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BackgroundOccupational heat stress, exacerbated by factors such as climate change and insufficient cooling solutions, endangers the health and productivity of workers, especially in low‐resource workplaces.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of two cooling strategies in reducing physiological strain and productivity of piece‐rate workers over a 9‐h work shift in a southern Thailand sawmill.MethodsIn a crossover randomized control trial design, 12 (33 ± 7 y; 1.58 ± 0.05 m; 51 ± 9 kg; n = 5 females) medically screened sawmill workers were randomly allocated into three groups comprising an established phase change material vest (VEST), an on‐site combination cooling oasis (OASIS) (i.e., hydration, cold towels, fans, water dousing), and no cooling (CON) across 3 consecutive workdays. Physiological strain was measured via core temperature telemetry and heart rate monitoring. Productivity was determined by counting the number of pallets of wood sorted, stacked, and stowed each day.ResultsRelative to CON, OASIS lowered core temperature by 0.25°C [95% confidence interval = 0.24, 0.25] and heart rate by 7 bpm [6, 9] bpm, compared to 0.17°C [0.17, 0.18] and 10 [9,12] bpm reductions with VEST. It was inconclusive whether productivity was statistically lower in OASIS compared to CON (mean difference [MD] = 2.5 [–0.2, 5.2]), and was not statistically different between VEST and CON (MD = 1.4 [–1.3, 4.1]).ConclusionsBoth OASIS and VEST were effective in reducing physiological strain compared to no cooling. Their effect on productivity requires further investigation, as even small differences between interventions could lead to meaningful disparities in piece‐rate worker earnings over time.

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The Effect of Cool Water Ingestion on Gastrointestinal Pill Temperature

Cited by 159 publications

References 28 publications

Changes in Intragastric Temperature Reflect Changes in Heat Stress Following Tepid Fluid Ingestion But Not Ice Slurry Ingestion

Changes in Intragastric Temperature Reflect Changes in Heat Stress Following Tepid Fluid Ingestion But Not Ice Slurry Ingestion

Core-Temperature Sensor Ingestion Timing and Measurement Variability

Practical cooling interventions for preventing heat strain in indoor factory workers in Thailand

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