The Effect of Daminozide and Chlormequat on the Growth and Flowering of Poinsettia and Pansy

Lewis, Kelly P.; Faust, James E.; Sparkman, James D.; Grimes, Larry

doi:10.21273/hortsci.39.6.1315

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…PGRs are synthetic chemicals that are used on a wide range of horticultural crops and regulate plant development to stimulate a desired metabolic response, such as controlling plant height. In the floriculture industry PGRs are typically used to control plant height and promote flower initiation or to delay bloom (Blanchard and Runkle, 2007;Curry and Erwin, 2012;Lewis et al, 2004). For example, uniconazole is used to inhibit plant growth and has been demonstrated to be effective in tomato (S. lycopersicum) transplant production (Shin et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Abscisic Acid Impacts Tomato Carotenoids, Soluble Sugars, and Organic Acids

Barickman¹,

Kopsell²,

Sams³

2016

horts

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Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are chemicals used on a wide range of horticultural crops. These exogenous chemicals, similar to endogenous plant hormones, regulate plant development and stimulate a desired growth response, such as control of plant height. One such PGR is abscisic acid (ABA), which has been used effectively to improve fruit quality, specifically sugars and phytonutrients. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exogenous applications of ABA on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit quality, such as carotenoids, soluble sugars and organic acids, and ABA on tomato leaf chlorophylls and carotenoids. Furthermore, this study compared how ABA and calcium (Ca) treatments together affect fruit quality and whether there are added benefits to treating plants with both simultaneously. ABA treatments proved effective in increasing tomato fruit soluble sugars and decreasing organic acid concentrations. This study demonstrated that ABA is a viable PGR to significantly improve tomato fruit quality, specifically pertaining to carotenoids, soluble sugar, and organic acid concentrations.

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confidence: 99%

Abscisic Acid Impacts Tomato Carotenoids, Soluble Sugars, and Organic Acids

Barickman¹,

Kopsell²,

Sams³

2016

horts

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“…The use of PGRs is a standard practice in poinsettia height regulation. However, excessive application of PGRs can result in permanent growth suppression and subsequent stunting of poinsettias as well as reduced bract size (Faust et al, 2001; Lewis et al, 2004;Niu et al, 2002), whereas application of too little PGR may not sufficiently suppress stem elongation. Manipulating the difference between day-and nighttime temperatures (referred to as DIF) also can be an effective method of height control (Berghage and Heins, 1991;Moe et al, 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

Use of Controlled Water Deficit to Regulate Poinsettia Stem Elongation

Alem

Thomas

Iersel

2015

horts

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Height regulation is crucial in poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) production for both aesthetics and postharvest handling. Controlled water deficit (WD) offers a potential alternative to plant growth retardants (PGRs) for poinsettia height regulation. We have previously shown that WD can be used to regulate poinsettia stem elongation. However, it is not clear how WD can be used to achieve different plant heights and how it affects aesthetic qualities such as bract size. Our objectives were to determine whether a range of plant heights can be achieved using controlled WD and to investigate possible adverse effects of WD on shoot morphology. Rooted cuttings of poinsettia ‘Classic Red’ were transplanted into 15-cm pots filled with 80% peat:20% perlite (v/v) substrate. Three target heights (43.2, 39.4, and 35.6 cm) were set at pinching (Day 27) and height tracking curves were used to monitor plants throughout the production cycle (77 days from pinching to finish). Substrate volumetric water content (θ) was maintained at 0.40 m3·m−3 (a matric potential of ≈–5 kPa) during well-watered conditions and reduced to 0.20 m3·m−3 (≈–75 kPa) when plants were taller than desired based on the height tracking curves. Control plants were maintained at a θ of 0.40 m3·m−3 throughout the study and had a final height of 51.2 cm. Plants with the 35.6-cm target height exceeded the upper limits of the height tracking curve despite being kept at a θ of 0.20 m3·m−3 for 70 days and had a final height of 39.8 cm. The final plant heights in the 39.4- and 43.2-cm target height treatments were 41.3 and 43.5 cm, respectively, within the 2.5-cm margin of error of their respective target heights. Relative to control plants, bract area was reduced by 53%, 47%, and 31% in the 35.6-, 39.4-, and 43.2-cm target height treatments, respectively. Our results indicate that WD can be an effective method of height control, but WD may also decrease bract size.

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“…Chlormequat and daminozide are growth regulators frequently applied to limit plant height in poinsettia [Euphorbia pulcherrima (Boldt, 2008;Currey and Lopez, 2011;Karunananda and Peiris, 2010;Lopez and 2007)]. Also, the tank-mix of daminozide + chlormequat has been used effectively to control plant height (Gibson and Whipker, 2003;Lewis et al, 2004). Flurprimidol is similar to paclobutrazol and uniconazole in both chemical structure and mode of action.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Pinching, Number of Cuttings per Pot, and Plant Growth Regulators on Height Control of Purple Firespike

Rezazadeh¹,

Harkess²

2015

hortte

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Purple firespike (Odontonema callistachyum), native to Central America, has potential for use as a new flowering potted plant. The effects of number of pinches (zero, one, or two) and number of cuttings (one, two, or three) per 6-inch pot were evaluated on the control of plant height. Plant height was suppressed as the pinch number increased. The greatest reduction was recorded with one cutting per pot and two pinches. The maximum number of branches per pot was recorded with two pinches and three cuttings per pot. In a second experiment, plant growth regulators (PGR) were also tested for efficacy of height control; 2 weeks after pinching, foliar sprays of paclobutrazol, flurprimidol, daminozide, chlormequat, and a tank-mix of daminozide + chlormequat or media drenches of paclobutrazol, uniconazole, or flurprimidol were applied. Plant height, leaf area, and leaf dry weight were recorded at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after PGR application. Maximum height control was obtained with uniconazole drench at 8 ppm, resulting in plants 22 cm tall, 61% shorter than the untreated control (56 cm); however, it resulted in severe leaf distortion. Plant height was 56% and 46% shorter than the control using drenches of paclobutrazol at 30 ppm and flurprimidol at 15 ppm, respectively. Daminozide spray at 2000 ppm and tank-mix of daminozide + chlormequat at 4500/1500 ppm suppressed stem elongation by 20.3% and 19%, respectively. Plants treated with paclobutrazol drench at 30 ppm reduced leaf area and leaf dry weight compared with other PGRs. Chlormequat spray at tested concentrations was ineffective for controlling firespike plant growth. The most attractive potted plants were produced using a drench application of paclobutrazol at 10 or 15 ppm.

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The Effect of Daminozide and Chlormequat on the Growth and Flowering of Poinsettia and Pansy

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Abscisic Acid Impacts Tomato Carotenoids, Soluble Sugars, and Organic Acids

Abscisic Acid Impacts Tomato Carotenoids, Soluble Sugars, and Organic Acids

Use of Controlled Water Deficit to Regulate Poinsettia Stem Elongation

Effects of Pinching, Number of Cuttings per Pot, and Plant Growth Regulators on Height Control of Purple Firespike

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