The effect of dance on physical health and cognition in community dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Clifford, Amanda M.; Shanahan, Joanne; McKee, Jennifer; Cleary, Triona; O’Neill, Aoife; O’Gorman, Marie; Louw, Quinette; Bhriain, Orfhlaith Ní

doi:10.1080/17533015.2022.2093929

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Fifteen meta-analyses included only RCTs, three included both RTCs and NRTCs [ 9 , 14 , 51 ], and one included systematic reviews of studies with an experimental design [ 48 , 55 ]. Most reviews included studies with passive control groups although Clifford et al [ 45 ] and Jiang et al [ 47 ] did include both passive and active control groups. It was not possible to determine the characteristics of control groups in two reviews [ 40 , 49 ] (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Age span of participants included in the reviews varied from 55 to 94 years. Most studies ( n = 11) investigated the effects of aerobic exercise on cognition [ 7 , 13 , 14 , 45 – 48 , 50 – 52 , 54 ]. Three studies investigated the effects of mind body exercise on cognition [ 9 , 32 , 39 ], two analysed the effects of resistance exercise [ 8 , 49 ] and five investigated the effects of mixed exercise interventions [ 10 , 39 – 41 , 53 ] (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mind body exercise improves cognitive function more than aerobic- and resistance exercise in healthy adults aged 55 years and older – an umbrella review

Blomstrand,

Tesan,

Nylander

et al. 2023

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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Exercise is often cited as a major factor contributing to improved cognitive functioning. As a result, the relationship between exercise and cognition has received much attention in scholarly literature. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses present varying and sometimes conflicting results about the extent to which exercise can influence cognition. The aim of this umbrella review was to summarize the effects of physical exercise on cognitive functions (global cognition, executive function, memory, attention, or processing speed) in healthy adults ≥ 55 years of age.Methods An umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses investigating the effect of exercise on cognition was performed. Databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched from inception until June 2023 for reviews of randomized or non-randomised controlled trials. Full-text articles meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed and methodological quality assessed. Overlap within included reviews was assessed using the corrected covered area method (CCA). A random effects model was used to calculate overall pooled effect size with sub-analyses for specific cognitive domains, exercise type and timing of exercise.Results Database searches identified 9227 reviews. A total of 20 met the inclusion criteria. They were based on 332 original primary studies. Overall quality of the reviews was considered moderate with most meeting 8 or more of the 16 AMSTAR 2 categories. Overall pooled effects indicated that exercise in general has a small positive effect on cognition (d = 0.22; SE = 0.04; p < 0.01). Mind–body exercise had the greatest effect with a pooled effect size of (d = 0.48; SE = 0.06; p < 0.001). Exercise had a moderate positive effect on global cognition (d = 0.43; SE = 0,11; p < 0,001) and a small positive effect on executive function, memory, attention, and processing speed. Chronic exercise was more effective than acute exercise. Variation across studies due to heterogeneity was considered very high.Conclusions Mind–body exercise has moderate positive effects on the cognitive function of people aged 55 or older. To promote healthy aging, mind–body exercise should be used over a prolonged period to complement other types of exercise. Results of this review should be used to inform the development of guidelines to promote healthy aging.Trial registration PROSPERO (CDR 42022312955).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind body exercise improves cognitive function more than aerobic- and resistance exercise in healthy adults aged 55 years and older – an umbrella review

Blomstrand,

Tesan,

Nylander

et al. 2023

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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“…Dance interventions not only address mobility issues, but also promote cognition, emotional expression, kinesthetic awareness, and social engagement ( Hwang and Braun, 2015 ; Clifford et al, 2023 ). During the COVID-19 pandemic, many dance therapy classes moved online, which afforded the convenience and safety of participating from one’s own home but removed elements of social interaction and group support that are naturally structured into in-person classes ( Bek et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graceful gait: virtual ballet classes improve mobility and reduce falls more than wellness classes for older women

Harrison,

Haussler,

Tueth

et al. 2024

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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IntroductionDance is an effective and motivating form of exercise for older women, but few studies have quantified the benefits of virtual dance classes nor, specifically, ballet. This study tested the effectiveness of virtual ballet compared to virtual wellness classes, with the goal of reaching underserved populations. It is among the first to explore the effects of virtual classical ballet on functional gait mobility, balance, and quality of life measures in older women.MethodsOlder women were recruited in two waves and randomized to two groups: a ballet class modified for older adults and a wellness-based control class. Both groups received 12 weeks of online classes, meeting twice per week for 45-min sessions. Classes were taught by a local company that offers community-based ballet classes. The same instructor led both the ballet and the wellness classes. Pre- and post-intervention assessments include gait and balance testing using wearable inertial sensors and self-report outcomes including quality of life and mood questionnaires.ResultsForty-four older women completed the study: Ballet group (n = 21, 67.81 ± 7.3 years); Wellness group (n = 23, 69.96 ± 6.7 years). Pre- to post-intervention, both groups increased velocity on the two-minute walk test (F1,42 = 25.36, p < 0.001) and improved their time on the Timed Up and Go (F1,42 = 4.744, p = 0.035). Both groups improved balance on the Mini-BESTest (F1,42 = 38.154, p < 0.001), increased their scores on the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (F1,42 = 10.688, p < 0.001), and increased quality of life via the Short Form Health Survey (F1,42 = 7.663, p = 0.008). The ballet group improved gait variability in the backward direction (F1,42 = 14.577, p < 0.001) and reduced fall rates more than the wellness group [χ2(1) = 5.096, p = 0.024].DiscussionBoth virtual ballet and wellness classes improve select measures of gait, balance, and quality of life. The benefits seen in both groups highlight the importance of considering social interaction as a key component when developing future interventions to target mobility in older women.

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“…Given that dance ticks many of these boxes, it is, perhaps not surprising that participation in dance interventions may have relatively low attrition ( 22 ). This may be enhanced by mechanisms of engagement which are particularly associated with dance such as emotional expression, connection with music and social interaction ( 65 ). As Franco et al argue, studies show that many older people consider dance to be a stimulating and joyful activity which also provides opportunity for socialisation – a far cry from the tedium, isolation and deficit-orientation of some traditional exercise and fall prevention programs ( 19 , 66 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“It doesn’t feel like exercise”: a realist process evaluation of factors that support long-term attendance at dance classes designed for healthy ageing

Haynes,

Tiedemann,

Hewton

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionDance can positively impact older people’s health and wellbeing across cultures and socioeconomic groups, countering age-related physical, sensorimotor and cognitive decline.Background/objectivesThe RIPE (Really Is Possible for Everyone) Dance program aims to improve older people’s physical, mental, cognitive and social wellbeing by integrating engaging dance sequences with evidence-based fall prevention exercises. We sought to identify what mechanisms support observed long-term participation in this program, including by people living with challenging health conditions.MethodsFollowing a realist evaluation approach, we co-developed and tested program theories iteratively with participant interviewees (n = 20), dance teachers (n = 2) and via observation of a dance class. Initial data were dual-coded and emergent findings were interrogated by the research team. Findings were organised to express Program activities + Context + Mechanism = Process outcomes configurations.ResultsWe identified four program theories comprising 14 mechanisms which explained long-term attendance: 1. RIPE Dance benefits my body and mind (trust in the program, belief in health benefits), 2. RIPE Dance helps me feel good about myself (self-efficacy, pride in achievement, psychological safety, defying expectations, feeling valued), 3. RIPE Dance creates camaraderie (social connection, mutual support, rapport with the teacher), and 4. RIPE Dance is uplifting (raised spirits, fun, synchrony, musical reactivity).ConclusionThe RIPE Dance program provides effective and enjoyable ‘exercise in disguise’ for older people with diverse mobility profiles.Significance/implicationsThis research confirms that participation in dance can contribute significantly to healthy, happy ageing. Findings detail program activities that were most strongly associated with process outcomes, offering guidance for further program development, implementation and scaling up.

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The effect of dance on physical health and cognition in community dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 72 publications

Mind body exercise improves cognitive function more than aerobic- and resistance exercise in healthy adults aged 55 years and older – an umbrella review

Mind body exercise improves cognitive function more than aerobic- and resistance exercise in healthy adults aged 55 years and older – an umbrella review

Graceful gait: virtual ballet classes improve mobility and reduce falls more than wellness classes for older women

“It doesn’t feel like exercise”: a realist process evaluation of factors that support long-term attendance at dance classes designed for healthy ageing

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