©Operative Dentistry, 2009, 34-5, 605-614
HW Roberts • DG Charlton
SUMMARYAmalgam has successfully been used as a restorative material in dentistry for over a century. It has proven to be a cost-effective, wear-resistant material which, when properly placed, can provide many years of service. However, amalgam's popularity has decreased in recent years due, in part, to patient concerns about its potential for adversely affecting their health. Other reasons for its reduced use include the increased emphasis on more esthetic restorative materials and environmental concerns regarding the amount of mercury discharged into wastewater from dental offices. Controversy persists about amalgam's possible role in causing health problems due to its release of mercury. Although conclusive evidence is lacking that directly correlates amalgam with adverse health effects, clinicians should remain knowledgeable about mercury release from amalgam in order to intelligently address their patients' concerns. This article reviews the latest published scientific literature to provide this information.
INTRODUCTIONAmalgam has been used in dentistry for more than 150 years, 1 and its excellent clinical track record is well known. Despite some shortcomings, amalgam has several positive characteristics compared with other restorative materials, including relatively low cost, good wear resistance, low technique sensitivity and high strength.2-3 While amalgam's use has declined in recent years due to an increased emphasis on the use of esthetic restorative materials and concerns about potential environmental hazards related to its mercury (Hg) content, countless amalgam restorations remain in patients' mouths. Because of this fact and the plethora of misinformation about mercury in amal-
Clinical RelevanceAmalgam remains an important restorative material in dentistry. Because of continuing controversy concerning the material's safety and environmental friendliness, dentists should remain current in their knowledge of the effect of mercury and its release from amalgam. This will enable dentists to provide accurate, evidence-based information to their patients.