The Effect of Di-Isopropyl-Floorophosphate (Dfp) Upon Patients With Myasthenia Gravis

Jh, Comroe; Todd, J

doi:10.1097/00000441-194612000-00001

Cited by 37 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In 1946, Comroe and colleagues observed that di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate -which is an organophosphate capable of lowering butyrylcholinesterase and erytrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity to zero -afforded less symptomatic relief to patients suffering from myasthenia gravis than neostigmine, which was a less potent inhibitor of cholinesterase. They agreed with the 'fallacy' of relating pharmacological and therapeutic effects of anticholinesterases to the cholinesterase-lowering activity, which had previously been suggested [25]. However, it is now known that the solubility properties of neostigmine and di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate may have contributed to Comroe and colleagues' observations.…”

supporting

confidence: 52%

Cholinesterase estimations revisited: the clinical relevance

Karalliedde

2002

EJA

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supporting

confidence: 52%

Cholinesterase estimations revisited: the clinical relevance

Karalliedde

2002

EJA

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“…Diisopropyl flurophosphate, tried in 1946, proved too toxic for MG patients. 42 In 1948 Martha Westerberg of the University of Michigan reported on hexaethyltetraphosphate for MG, 43 and Burgen and colleagues on tetraethylpyrophospate. 44 Octamethylpyrophosphoramide was introduced by Rider and associates in 1951.…”

Section: New ''Anticholinesterases''mentioning

confidence: 99%

A History of Treatments for Myasthenia Gravis

Keesey¹

2004

Semin Neurol

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Much of the improvement in the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) over the past 125 years can be attributed to the effectiveness of general medical measures such as advances in respiratory care and the discovery of antibiotics. Although MG became the model of an antibody-mediated autoimmune disease in the 1970s (the most documented antigen being the muscle acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction), the pathogenesis of MG has not been the rationale for most treatments found to be useful for this disease. The serendipitous benefit of anticholinesterases for MG in the 1930s subsequently focused attention on the neuromuscular junction. The beginnings of the controversy over thymectomy for MG in the 1940s and 1950s preceded the discovery in 1960 of the function of the thymus. Before the autoimmune pathogenesis of MG was known, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and steroids for MG were tried for reasons that turned out to be incorrect. Further immunosuppressive treatments for MG were largely empirical, following their use in organ transplantation and other autoimmune diseases. More specific treatments, based on our knowledge of pathogenesis, are still experimental but hopefully will be the history of the future.

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“…Their application is still the most effective and accepted means for the protection of plants from pests and has contributed significantly to enhanced agricultural productivity and crop yields [2]. Some have also been used in the medical treatment of myasthenia gravis, e.g., diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP) [3], tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP) [4], and octomethyl pyrophosphotetramide (OMPA) [5]. Some OP esters are still used to treat glaucoma (ecothiopate).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Prospective Study on Electrocardiographic Findings of Patients with Organophosphorus Poisoning

Vijayakumar

Fareedullah

Kumar³

et al. 2011

Cardiovasc Toxicol

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Organophosphate (OP) compounds are widely used in different applications including agriculture. The widespread use of OP insecticides, however, brings high risks of severe health problems. Besides occupational poisoning in industrial production and agricultural application, instances of acute organophosphate poisoning (OPP) also include suicide, homicide, and accidental overdose. Cardiovascular manifestations frequently accompany exposure to these organophosphorus compounds, but their exact nature is not fully elucidated. In this study, we evaluated 20 patients who presented to our emergency department with organophosphorus (OP) poisoning and discussed their associated electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities. Over 3 months, 20 patients with OP poisoning were included in this prospective study. ECG analysis included the rate, ST-T abnormalities, conduction defects, and measurement of PR and "QTc" intervals. Our results show that 12 patients were having prolonged QTc interval i.e., >0.43 s. Eight patients were having mild elevated ST segment and low-amplitude "T" waves. Most of the patients have shown increased heart rate, where as some has shown decreased value. From this study, we conclude that acute organophosphorus poisoning is associated with ventricular arrhythmias, tachycardia and bradycardia, and attributes mild myocardial ischemia.

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The Effect of Di-Isopropyl-Floorophosphate (Dfp) Upon Patients With Myasthenia Gravis

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Cholinesterase estimations revisited: the clinical relevance

Cholinesterase estimations revisited: the clinical relevance

A History of Treatments for Myasthenia Gravis

A Prospective Study on Electrocardiographic Findings of Patients with Organophosphorus Poisoning

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