The effect of diet on the level of plasma cholesterol and the degree of atheromatous degeneration in the rabbit

Moore, J. H.; Williams, D. L.

doi:10.1079/bjn19640025

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In agreement with the observations of other investigators (e.g. Funch, Krogh & Dam, 1960), Moore & Kon (1963) and Moore & Williams (1964) found that rabbits given for 9 or 10 months a diet containing 20% butterfat but no added cholesterol developed extensive aortic atherosis, whereas rabbits given for a similar period a diet containing 20% maize oil did not. The levels of plasma cholesterol of the rabbits given the 20% butterfat diet were four to five times higher than those of the rabbits given the 20 % maize-oil diet.…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Thus, although the results with the animals given these two high-fat diets certainly appeared to lend support to the view that atheromatous degeneration is associated with high levels of cholesterol in the blood, the findings with groups of rabbits given various other diets indicated that the relationship between the level of cholesterol in the blood and atheromatous degeneration of the aorta, if indeed such a relationship exists, was by no means a simple one. For instance, it was discovered (Moore & Williams, 1964) that rabbits given a high-starch diet containing no added cholesterol and virtually no saturated fat developed aortic atherosis as severe as that in animals given the 20% butterfat diet, yet the plasma cholesterol levels of the rabbits given the high-starch diet were only moderately elevated. Moreover, rabbits given a diet containing 10% butterfat and 10% maize oil developed only slight aortic atherosis in spite of the fact that their level of plasma cholesterol was almost identical with that of rabbits given the high-starch diet.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The relationship between diet, plasma lipid composition and aortic atherosis in rabbits

Moore¹,

Williams²

1964

Br J Nutr

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In agreement with the observations of other investigators (e.g. Funch, Krogh & Dam, 1960), Moore & Kon (1963) and Moore & Williams (1964) found that rabbits given for 9 or 10 months a diet containing 20% butterfat but no added cholesterol developed extensive aortic atherosis, whereas rabbits given for a similar period a diet containing 20% maize oil did not. The levels of plasma cholesterol of the rabbits given the 20% butterfat diet were four to five times higher than those of the rabbits given the 20 % maize-oil diet. Thus, although the results with the animals given these two high-fat diets certainly appeared to lend support to the view that atheromatous degeneration is associated with high levels of cholesterol in the blood, the findings with groups of rabbits given various other diets indicated that the relationship between the level of cholesterol in the blood and atheromatous degeneration of the aorta, if indeed such a relationship exists, was by no means a simple one. For instance, it was discovered (Moore & Williams, 1964) that rabbits given a high-starch diet containing no added cholesterol and virtually no saturated fat developed aortic atherosis as severe as that in animals given the 20% butterfat diet, yet the plasma cholesterol levels of the rabbits given the high-starch diet were only moderately elevated. Moreover, rabbits given a diet containing 10% butterfat and 10% maize oil developed only slight aortic atherosis in spite of the fact that their level of plasma cholesterol was almost identical with that of rabbits given the high-starch diet. In general, therefore, it was evident that there was no direct relationship between the degree of hypercholesterolaemia and the extent of aortic atherosis in the experimental rabbit. On the other hand, it was conceivable that the incidence of atheromatous degeneration was related to the presence of abnormally high or low concentrations of certain other lipid components of the plasma. To investigate this possibility, the final blood samples taken from each of the experimental rabbits (Moore & Williams, 1964) were analysed for the major lipid groups and an attempt was made to correlate the analytical results with the severity of the aortic lesions. The findings of this investigation are now reported. E X P E R I M E N T A L

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The relationship between diet, plasma lipid composition and aortic atherosis in rabbits

Moore¹,

Williams²

1964

Br J Nutr

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“…4 The theory of the relative atherogenic effect assumes a proportionality between the degree of atheromata and the plasma cholesterol concentration. Such a relation is only present over a narrow range of plasma cholesterol concentrations.…”

Section: Dietary Plant Oils and Atherogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiatherogenic effect of olive and corn oils in cholesterol-fed rabbits with the same plasma cholesterol levels.

et al. 1988

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Two groups of 18 rabbits were fed Isocalorlc, cholesterol-enriched diets for 8 weeks. The diet for one group was supplemented with 5% corn oil. The concentration of cholesterol in plasma was determined weekly and the amount of cholesterol In the diet was adjusted Individually so that each rabbit had a mean plasma cholesterol concentration of about 45 mM during the experimental period. The aortic cholesterol concentrations were 122 ± 29 and 193 ± 38 (mean ± SEM) /xmol/g protein for the cornoil group and the control group, respectively (p<0.05). In a similar experiment, each of 36 rabbits was given a mean plasma cholesterol level of about 20 mM over a period of 12 weeks. One-third of the rabbits received 10% to 15% corn oil, another third 10% to 15% olive oil, while the last third served as a control group. The aortic cholesterol concentrations were 98 ± 25, 57 ± 9, and 131 ± 32 ^mol/g protein, respectively. The value for the olive-oil group was significantly (p<0.01) lower than the value for the control group. The trlglycerlde concentrations and the distributions of cholesterol between HDL, LDL, and VLDL In plasma showed no significant differences between the plant-oil groups and their control groups. This suggests that plant oils have a direct effect on the aortic cholesterol metabolism. (Arteriosclerosis 8:281-287, May/June 1988)

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“…Spritz, Ahrens, and Grundy (60) suggested that, by exclusion, the hypocholesteremic effect of polyunsaturated fat is due to a redistribution of cholesterol from plasma into other body tissues. However, attempts to demonstrate a significant increase in the cholesterol content of various organs and tissues during the ingestion of unsaturated fats in monkeys (61), rats (62,63), and rabbits (55,64) The subjects were paid volunteers between the ages of 20 and 29 yr, had negative histories of any significant metabolic or hepatic disease, had normal weights for their height and age, and were normocholesterolemic. The basic diet (before adjustment for the body weight of each subject) provided 3200 cal/day with approximately 40%o being supplied as fat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary fat on the fecal excretion of cholesterol and its degradation products in man

Moore¹,

Anderson²,

Taylor³

et al. 1968

J. Clin. Invest.

134

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Fecal bile acid and neutral sterol excretion rates were determined in five healthy young men when serum cholesterol changes were induced by isocaloric substitution of an unsaturated (safflower oil) for a saturated fat (butter). The isotope balance method was used after the intravenous injection of cholesterol-4-14C. A feces extraction method is presented which permits essentially complete separation of fecal neutral sterols and bile acids.There was a significant increase in the total excretion of the fecal end products of cholesterol metabolism from 966 + 42 mg/day on saturated fat to 1147 + 45 mg/day on unsaturated fat, and the increase was equally distributed between the neutral sterol and bile acid fractions. With the substitution of dietary fats, regardless of the sequence of their feeding, there was a 28% reduction in serum cholesterol concentration during ingestion of the unsaturated fat. There were reciprocal changes in serum cholesterol levels and fecal steroid excretion with the substitution of one type of fat for the other. The changes in plasma cholesterol content were more than adequately balanced by the reciprocal changes in fecal cholesterol end product excretion.The findings in this study agree with several previous reports in supporting the hypothesis that the hypocholesteremic action of dietary unsaturated fatty acids is associated with an increase in the fecal loss of bile acids and neutral sterols.

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The effect of diet on the level of plasma cholesterol and the degree of atheromatous degeneration in the rabbit

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

The relationship between diet, plasma lipid composition and aortic atherosis in rabbits

The relationship between diet, plasma lipid composition and aortic atherosis in rabbits

Antiatherogenic effect of olive and corn oils in cholesterol-fed rabbits with the same plasma cholesterol levels.

Effect of dietary fat on the fecal excretion of cholesterol and its degradation products in man

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