The effect of different rutile electrodes on mechanical properties of underwater wet welded AH-36 steel plates

Winarto, Winarto; Purnama, Dewin; Churniawan, Iwan

doi:10.1063/1.5030270

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Hematite Fe 2 O 3 decomposes under high-temperature conditions with the formation of wüstite FeO in the molten slag, which increases the basicity index of the slag; in addition, FeO oxidizes the weld pool, which inhibits dissolution of diffusible hydrogen in the weld pool. However, an increase in the oxidizing potential of the slag and the atmosphere of the vapor-gas bubble leads to slag nonmetallic inclusions and oxidation of alloying elements [27][28][29][30], which reduces the mechanical properties of the welds [9,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallurgical Model of Diffusible Hydrogen and Non-Metallic Slag Inclusions in Underwater Wet Welding of High-Strength Steel

Parshin

Levchenko²,

Maystro

2020

Metals

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High susceptibility to cold cracking induced by diffusible hydrogen and hydrogen embrittlement are major obstacles to greater utilization of underwater wet welding for high-strength steels. The aim of the research was to develop gas–slag systems for flux-cored wires that have high metallurgical activity in removal of hydrogen and hydroxyl groups. Thermodynamic modeling and experimental research confirmed that a decrease in the concentration of diffusible hydrogen can be achieved by reducing the partial pressure of hydrogen and water vapor in the vapor–gas bubble and by increasing the hydroxyl capacity of the slag system in metallurgical reactions leading to hydrogen fluoride formation and ionic dissolution of hydroxyl groups in the basic fluorine-containing slag of a TiO2–CaF2–Na3AlF6 system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallurgical Model of Diffusible Hydrogen and Non-Metallic Slag Inclusions in Underwater Wet Welding of High-Strength Steel

Parshin

Levchenko²,

Maystro

2020

Metals

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“…Many efforts have been made by investigators to increase the mechanical properties of the resulting weldment of this electrode. The minimum tensile strength of the E6013 wire is around 410 MPa, much lower than that of the E7024 electrode, and based on previous research (Winarto et al, 2018), the performance of the E6013 electrode can be improved in toughness. It has been found that the E6013 electrode can increase the toughness of all incorporation of a strong deoxidant such as Mg powder and Ti as a coating to produce lower oxygen levels (Surian, 1997;De Rissone et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ah-36 Steel Weldment Welded using Magnesium Modified E6013 Electrode

Purnama

Winarto²,

Sofyan³

et al. 2020

IJTech

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The base metal used in this study was high strength low alloy (HSLA) AH-36 steel. The welding process used the E6013 as a rutile electrode. Four rutile electrodes were produced by adding Mg metal powder, ranging from 0 to 5 wt.%, to the initial electrode layer in such a way as to obtain Mn and Si deposits according to ANSI/AWS standard A5.1-91. The shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) method was used with heat inputs of 1.5 kJ/mm and 2.5 kJ/mm. The tensile property, Charpy-V impact, and microhardness tests were performed to measure the mechanical properties of the weld metal. The observation of the metallographic structure was performed using an optical microscope. The results showed that with the increase of Mg layer content, the metal-oxygen level decreased, and the content of Mn and Si increased. The toughness and tensile strength of AH-36 steel improved, and the optimal Mg content is determined.

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“…Yapılan literatür araştırmalarında Winarto vd. [23], AH36 çelik malzemelerini E6013 ve E7024 rutil elektrodlar kullanarak 5 ve 10 m derinliklerde birleştirdiği görülmüştür.…”

Section: H I G H L I G H T S unclassified

Gerçek deniz ortamında su altı kaynağı ile birleştirilen Grade AH36 gemi sacının kaynak bölgesinin karakterizasyonu

Çolak¹,

Ayan²,

Kahraman³

2019

Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi

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Welding process at real underwater conditions  Weldability of Grade AH36 steel sheep plate at real underwater with different depths  Microstructural and mechanical properties of the welded joints Figure A. Flowchart of the study Purpose: The main aim of this study was to investigate weldability of low carbon Grade AH36 steel ship plate at the real marine conditions with different water depths. Theory and Methods: Grade AH36 steel ship plate frequently used for off shore applications was joined at both the atmospheric and real underwater conditions with different water depths through shielded metal arc welding process. The welded specimens firstly subjected to visual inspection and this was followed by the radiographic test. Microhardness, bending, impact toughness tests were also carried out in order to determine the mechanical properties of the joints. Microstructural examines were performed to examine the structural transformation on the weld zones. Results: Microstructural and mechanical properties of the welded specimens at both the atmospheric and real under water conditions were evaluated in detail. From the results of visual inspection test; some welding defects were seen on the samples joined at underwater. It was determined from the microhardness test; for all specimens, micro hardness values of the weld metal were lower than the HAZ and higher than the base metal. Samples joined under the atmospheric conditions has about 50% higher impact toughness value than the samples joined at underwater. Microstructural examines show that specimens joined underwater presented approximately 25-50% narrower HAZ than the specimens joined at atmospheric conditions. Conclusion: This study presents better understanding case of the welding process at real underwater conditions. The study also deals with weldability of Grade AH36 steel and comparison between atmospheric and real underwater conditions.

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The effect of different rutile electrodes on mechanical properties of underwater wet welded AH-36 steel plates

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Metallurgical Model of Diffusible Hydrogen and Non-Metallic Slag Inclusions in Underwater Wet Welding of High-Strength Steel

Metallurgical Model of Diffusible Hydrogen and Non-Metallic Slag Inclusions in Underwater Wet Welding of High-Strength Steel

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ah-36 Steel Weldment Welded using Magnesium Modified E6013 Electrode

Gerçek deniz ortamında su altı kaynağı ile birleştirilen Grade AH36 gemi sacının kaynak bölgesinin karakterizasyonu

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