The effect of different shoes on functional mobility and energy expenditure in post-stroke hemiplegic patients using ankle–foot orthosis

Farmani, Farzad; Bandpei, Mohammad Ali Mohseni; Bahramizadeh, Mahmood; Aminian, Gholamreza; Nikoo, Mohammad-Reza; Sadeghi-Goghari, Mohammad

doi:10.1177/0309364615592704

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Energy expenditure during walking was assessed by Physiological Cost Index in two studies 29,30 and O 2 Cost in one study. 31 The results of Erel et al's 29 study demonstrated a clinically and statistically significant decrease in energy expenditure when dynamic ankle-foot orthoses were compared with shoes only (SMD = −1.23, 95% CI = −2.11 to −0.35). Everaert et al 30 also compared WalkAide arm with ankle-foot orthosis arm at six-week follow-up.…”

Section: Results Of Secondary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A summary of the results of the search strategy as well as the inclusion and exclusion process is represented in the PRISMA flowchart ( Figure 1). The systematic search strategy resulted in 14 randomized controlled trials [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] to the final synthesis.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 1186 participants with stroke (57% male, 43% female) were included in 14 selected studies. Among all selected studies, 10 studies were randomized controlled trials, 27,29,[31][32][33][35][36][37][38][39] 3 studies 28,34,40 were randomized pilot study, and 1 study 30 was crossover randomized controlled trial (for detailed information, see Table 1).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31,35,38,39 Pooled SMD showed a small-to-moderate and nonsignificant improvement in favor of interventional arm in mean changes of scores for walking speed (Supplemental Figure 6(a)). Farmani et al 31 compared solid ankle-foot orthosis, in which the foot and ankle were kept at 90° to lower leg, with solid ankle-foot orthosis combined with rocker shoes. Their randomized controlled trial indicated that adding rocker shoes to solid ankle-foot orthosis improved walking speed.…”

Section: Comparison Of Ankle-foot Orthosis Versus Another Ankle-foot mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of ankle-foot orthoses on walking speed in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2019

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ankle-foot orthoses on speed walking in patients with stroke. Data sources: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, CENTRAL, PEDro, RehabData, RECAL, and ProQuest were searched from inception until 30 September 2019. Review methods: This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline statement. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Begg’s test and Egger’s regression method were used to assess the publication bias. Trim and fill analysis was also used to adjust any potential publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of individual studies. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Results: Overall, 14 studies were included with a total of 1186 participants. A small-to-moderate and non-significant improvement in favor of the ankle-foot orthosis versus without ankle-foot orthosis (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.41, 95% confidence interval = −0.15 to 0.96), similar effects of ankle-foot orthosis and functional electrical stimulation (SMD = 0.00, 95% confidence interval = −0.16 to 0.16), and a small and non-significant improvement in favor of ankle-foot orthosis versus another type of ankle-foot orthosis (SMD = 0.22, 95% confidence interval = −0.05 to 0.49) in walking speed were found. However, the quality of evidence for all comparisons was low or very low. Conclusion: Despite reported positive effects in some studies, there is no firm evidence of any benefit of ankle-foot orthoses on walking speed.

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Section: Results Of Secondary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Ankle-foot Orthosis Versus Another Ankle-foot mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of ankle-foot orthoses on walking speed in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2019

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“…Hemiplegic patients suffer from poor balance, slow walking, and weak muscles, and their lower limb is often accompanied with an equinovarus deformity in ankle-foot complex [1][2][3]. Ankle Foot Orthoses (AFOs) are widely prescribed for patients with hemiplegia to improve balance and facilitate gait.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Rocker Bar Ankle Foot Orthosis on Functional Mobility in Post-Stroke Hemiplegic Patients: Timed Up and Go and Gait Speed Assessments

Farmani¹,

Mohseni-Bandpei²,

Bahramizadeh³

et al. 2016

IRJ

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Objectives: Ankle Foot Orthoses (AFOs) are widely utilized to improve walking ability in hemiplegic patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rocker bar Ankle Foot Orthosis (RAFO) on functional mobility in post-stroke hemiplegic patients. Methods:Fifteen hemiplegic patients (men and women) who were at least 6-months poststroke and able to walk without an assistive device for at least 10 meters voluntarily participated in this study. The patients were examined for three conditions: shoes only, with SAFO and with RAFO. Their functional mobility was evaluated through 10-meter walk test and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. In addition, paired t-test was used to analyze the obtained data.Results: When the patients used RAFO, their gait speed significantly increased (P<0.05). Moreover, the time of performing TUG test experienced a significant decrease using RAFO compared with utilizing shoe only (P<0.05).Discussion: RAFO led to a significant improvement in functional mobility in hemiplegic patients post stroke. This may be due to the positive effect of rocker modification on improving push off and transferring weight during the stance phase of gait. A B S T R A C T

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Identifying Instruments to Assess Care Quality for Individuals With Custom Ankle Foot Orthoses: A Scoping Review

Fatone

Jerousek

Slater

et al. 2021

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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The effect of different shoes on functional mobility and energy expenditure in post-stroke hemiplegic patients using ankle–foot orthosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

The effects of ankle-foot orthoses on walking speed in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

The effects of ankle-foot orthoses on walking speed in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Effect of Rocker Bar Ankle Foot Orthosis on Functional Mobility in Post-Stroke Hemiplegic Patients: Timed Up and Go and Gait Speed Assessments

Identifying Instruments to Assess Care Quality for Individuals With Custom Ankle Foot Orthoses: A Scoping Review

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