“…Critical factors that determine adequate drainage have supposedly been identified decades ago, but many complications related to chest tubes still remain (Millikan et al, 1980;Gift et al, 1991;Mangar et al, 1991;Kollef and Dothager, 1991) Although there have been some comparative physiological and physical studies of the chest drainage tubes (Emerson and McIntyre, 1966;Miller and Sahn, 1987), very little quantitative analysis or evaluation has been performed. Obviously, some suggested that size matters (Gobien et al, 1985;Tattersall et al, 2000). Indeed, tube size and drainage hole size matter in terms of flow rates.…”