The Effect of Dust Storm on Sea Surface Temperature in the Western Basin of Persian Gulf

Azad, Masoud Torabi; Lari, Kamran; Oudi, Rana; Sadeghifar, Tayeb; Kisi, Özgür

doi:10.3390/standards2030018

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Observations of mortalities at 20 m depth may provide support for the notion that these MMEs are not directly related to elevated temperatures—a known driver of marine mass mortalities [ 36 ]. Furthermore, the native range of D. setosum clade b that inhabits the Mediterranean [ 37 ] includes the Persian Gulf [ 4 , 5 ], where water temperatures may exceed 36°C [ 38 ]—well beyond the temperatures recorded at the sites of mortalities. Still, elevated temperatures are known to accelerate marine pathogenic outbreaks [ 26 , 39 , 40 ] and the rapid warming of the eastern Mediterranean due to global change is expected to accelerate and intensify pathogen outbreaks in the region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass mortality of the invasive alien echinoid Diadema setosum (Echinoidea: Diadematidae) in the Mediterranean Sea

Zirler,

Schmidt,

Roth

et al. 2023

R. Soc. open sci.

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The sea urchin Diadema setosum is an ecological key species across its range, particularly on coral reefs. In 2006 D. setosum was first observed in the Mediterranean Sea, and since, it has proliferated to occupy the entire Levantine Basin. Here we report the mass mortality of the invasive D. setosum in the Mediterranean Sea. This is the first report of D. setosum mass mortality. The mortality spans over 1000 km along the Levantine coast of Greece and Turkey. The current mortality shows similar pathologies to previously reported Diadema mass mortality events, suggesting pathogenic infection as the cause of mortalities. Maritime transport, local currents, and fish predation of infected individuals may distribute pathogens at varying geographical scales. Due to the proximity of the Levantine Basin to the Red Sea, the risk of pathogen transport to the native Red Sea D. setosum population is imminent—with potentially catastrophic consequences.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass mortality of the invasive alien echinoid Diadema setosum (Echinoidea: Diadematidae) in the Mediterranean Sea

Zirler,

Schmidt,

Roth

et al. 2023

R. Soc. open sci.

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“…Dust storms originating in the Eastern Mediterranean strongly affect the regional atmospheric radiation budget and air quality [8][9][10]. The radiative effect of dust results in a decrease in surface solar radiation (SR) causing the reduction of surface water temperature in such sea areas as the Red Sea [11] and the Persian Gulf [12]. With respect to lakes, located in the Eastern Mediterranean region, desert dust intrusions could influence their SWT by Remote Sens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a Severe Dust Event on Diurnal Behavior of Surface Water Temperature in Subtropical Lake Kinneret

Kishcha,

Lechinsky,

Starobinets

2023

Remote Sensing

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Dust impact on lake surface water temperature (SWT) over lakes, located in the Eastern Mediterranean, has not yet been discussed in previous publications. We investigated the effect of an extreme dust intrusion on the diurnal behavior of SWT in Lake Kinneret, appearing from 7–9 September 2015. This was carried out using METEOSAT and in-situ observations of SWT. In the presence of dust, METEOSAT SWT decreased along with increasing dust pollution both in the daytime and nighttime. This contradicted in-situ measurements of SWT at a depth of 20 cm which increased to 1.2 °C in the daytime and to 1 °C in the nighttime, compared to SWT on clear-sky September 6. The in-situ radiometer measurements of upwelling longwave radiation (ULWR) provided us with a criterion for assessing the reliability of METEOSAT and in-situ observations of SWT. Using this criterion, we found that, in the presence of dust, in-situ SWT was in line, whereas METEOSAT SWT contradicted in-situ ULWR. Considering in-situ ULWR is determined by actual SWT, we concluded that, in the presence of dust, in-situ SWT were capable of reproducing Kinneret SWT, while METEOSAT was incapable of doing so. An observed increase in daytime air temperature during the dust intrusion contributed to an increase in daytime Kinneret SWT. In the presence of maximal dust pollution on September 8, atmospheric humidity (ρv) exceeded by 30% that on clear-sky September 6. This increase in ρv was observed in the absence of moisture advection indicating that dust intrusion can cause additional evaporation from Lake Kinneret and, consequently, intensify its drying up.

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“…On the other hand, satellite remote sensing can measure large ocean surface areas using infrared sensors [5]. However, the infrared-based SST might not be correctly calculated for the pixels under clouds, aerosols, and dust, resulting in missing values in satellite images [6][7][8][9]. Although microwave sensors have the advantage of penetrating through clouds, the coarse spatial resolution over 10 km is not appropriate for regionalscale studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Gap-Filling of GK2A Daily Sea Surface Temperature (SST) around the Korean Peninsula Using Meteorological Data and Regression Residual Kriging (RRK)

Ahn

Lee

2022

Remote Sensing

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Satellite remote sensing can measure large ocean surface areas, but the infrared-based sea surface temperature (SST) might not be correctly calculated for the pixels under clouds, resulting in missing values in satellite images. Early studies for the gap-free raster maps of satellite SST were based on spatial interpolation using in situ measurements. In this paper, however, an alternative spatial gap-filling method using regression residual kriging (RRK) for the Geostationary Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite-2A (GK2A) daily SST was examined for the seas around the Korean Peninsula. Extreme outliers were first removed from the in situ measurements and the GK2A daily SST images using multi-step statistical procedures. For the pixels on the in situ measurements after the quality control, a multiple linear regression (MLR) model was built using the selected meteorological variables such as daily SST climatology value, specific humidity, and maximum wind speed. The irregular point residuals from the MLR model were transformed into a residual grid by optimized kriging for the residual compensation for the MLR estimation of the null pixels. The RRK residual compensation method improved accuracy considerably compared with the in situ measurements. The gap-filled 18,876 pixels showed the mean bias error (MBE) of −0.001 °C, the mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.315 °C, the root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.550 °C, and the correlation coefficient (CC) of 0.994. The case studies made sure that the gap-filled SST with RRK had very similar values to the in situ measurements to those of the MLR-only method. This was more apparent in the typhoon case: our RRK result was also stable under the influence of typhoons because it can cope with the abrupt changes in marine meteorology.

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The Effect of Dust Storm on Sea Surface Temperature in the Western Basin of Persian Gulf

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Mass mortality of the invasive alien echinoid Diadema setosum (Echinoidea: Diadematidae) in the Mediterranean Sea

Mass mortality of the invasive alien echinoid Diadema setosum (Echinoidea: Diadematidae) in the Mediterranean Sea

Impact of a Severe Dust Event on Diurnal Behavior of Surface Water Temperature in Subtropical Lake Kinneret

Spatial Gap-Filling of GK2A Daily Sea Surface Temperature (SST) around the Korean Peninsula Using Meteorological Data and Regression Residual Kriging (RRK)

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