The effect of early weaning on the concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids and glucose in the plasma of lambs

Fennessy, P. F.; Woodlock, M.R.; Jagusch, K. T.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1972.10421635

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As a result of calculations made from the partition of energy intake between maintenance requirement, protein and fat deposition and heat production, Black (1974) concluded that these observations can be largely explained by a decrease in energy intake associated with weaning. Fennessy, Woodlock & Jagusch (1972) found a rise in plasma non-esterified fatty acids, indicating increased mobilization of body fat, in lambs weaned from the ewe at 3-5 and 5-5 weeks of age (body weights 13-15 kg) but no rise in lambs weaned at 7-5 and 9-5 weeks of age (18 and 33 kg body weight respectively). The former lambs were in the transition phase of rumen development (Wardrop & Coombe, 1961) and could be compared with lambs in the present experiment in which a 2-week period of exposure to solid food and rumen microbes prior to the complete withdrawal of milk was probably not sufficient to establish a fully functional ruminant digestive tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The body composition of growing sheep during milk feeding, and the effect on composition of weaning at various body weights

Searle

Griffiths

1976

J. Agric. Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The body composition of growing sheep during milk feeding, and the effect on composition of weaning at various body weights

Searle

Griffiths

1976

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…This can likely be explained by a relatively lower ME intake in calves after weaning, as the progressive increase in SF intake was limited by their intake capacity. Similarly, an increase in fat metabolism (and thus NEFA levels) to meet energy requirements after weaning was also seen in early-weaned lambs (Fennessya et al, 1972).…”

Section: Postprandial Responses Of Plasma Glucose Insulin and Nefamentioning

confidence: 92%

Insulin sensitivity in calves decreases substantially during the first 3 months of life and is unaffected by weaning or fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation

Pantophlet

Gilbert

Borne

et al. 2016

Journal of Dairy Science

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Veal calves at the age of 4 to 6 mo often experience problems with glucose homeostasis, as indicated by postprandial hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance. It is not clear to what extent the ontogenetic development of calves or the feeding strategy [e.g., prolonged milk replacer (MR) feeding] contribute to this pathology. The objective of this study was therefore to analyze effects of MR feeding, weaning, and supplementation of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) on the development of glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in calves during the first 3 mo of life. Thirty male Holstein-Friesian calves (18±0.7 d of age) were assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: the control (CON) group received MR only, the FOS group received MR with the addition of short-chain FOS, and the solid feed (SF) group was progressively weaned to SF. The CON and FOS calves received an amount of MR, which gradually increased (from 400 to 1,400 g/d) during the 71-d trial period. For the SF calves, the amount of MR increased from 400 to 850 g/d at d 30, and then gradually decreased, until completely weaned to only SF at d 63. The change in whole body insulin sensitivity was assessed by intravenous glucose tolerance tests. Milk tolerance tests were performed twice to assess changes in postprandial blood glucose, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acid responses. Whole-body insulin sensitivity was high at the start (16.7±1.6×10(-4) [μU/mL](-1)), but decreased with age to 4.2±0.6×10(-4) [μU/mL](-1) at the end of the trial. The decrease in insulin sensitivity was most pronounced (~70%) between d 8 and 29 of the trial. Dietary treatments did not affect the decrease in insulin sensitivity. For CON and FOS calves, the postprandial insulin response was 3-fold higher at the end of the trial than at the start, whereas the glucose response remained similar. The SF calves, however, showed pronounced hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia at the end of the trial, although weaning did not affect insulin sensitivity. We conclude that whole body insulin sensitivity decreases by 75% in calves during the first 3 mo of life. Weaning or supplementation of short-chain FOS does not affect this age-related decline in insulin sensitivity. Glucose homeostasis is not affected by supplementation of short-chain FOS in young calves, whereas postprandial responses of glucose and insulin to a MR meal strongly increase after weaning.

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“…This has been associated with a reduction in fat levels immediately following weaning due to fat mobilisation (Fennessy et al 1972) and an increased requirement of energy for protein deposition in Receh'ed 20 May 1980 The possible effects on lamb growth and carcass composition of varying both lamb weaning and slaughter ages have not been clearly established. The present experiments were designed to provide such information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of weaning age, management, and slaughter age on export lamb carcass production and slipe wool weights

Geenty¹

1980

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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A series of five experiments was conducted over a period of 4 years with lambs weaned at 4,5,6,9, 12, 15, or 18 weeks of age. Management treatments included restricted milk intake, creep grazing, rotational grazing, and set stocking. Slaughter ages ranged from 12 to 30 weeks. Early weaning at 4,5, or 6 weeks caused varying post-weaning growth checks, lasting from I to 4 weeks, the most severe following 4-week weaning in the absence of creep grazing. Subsequent growth rates were similar to those for later-weaned lambs. Weaning lambs at 9 weeks of age resulted in similar final live weights to those obtained by weaning at 12 or 15 weeks. The reductions in final slaughter weights caused by early weaning (up to 21%) were associated in some experiments with lower killing-out percentages and reduced carcass fat. In one experiment, where treatments were compared at a common carcass weight of 17.5 kg, 4-week weaning resulted in 2-5% lower levels of chemical carcass fat and up to 4% and I % higher values for water and protein respectively than in later-weaned lambs. Creep grazing in association with early weaning tended to minimise the growth check. Restricted milk intake before weaning at 5 weeks of age caused a prolonged growth reduction followed by no compensatory growth. Set stocking resulted in heavier weights for both early-and late-weaned lambs. A liberal supply of milk and grass before early weaning and the lack of subsequent compensatory growth are discussed. Favourable reasons for early weaning include reduction of carcass fat and removal of competition by ewes under conditions of feed shortage. The practice can also be used in association with sheep dairy production, accelerated lambing, or progeny test programmes. It is recommended that the conventional lamb weaning age be reduced to about 9 weeks.

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The effect of early weaning on the concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids and glucose in the plasma of lambs

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

The body composition of growing sheep during milk feeding, and the effect on composition of weaning at various body weights

The body composition of growing sheep during milk feeding, and the effect on composition of weaning at various body weights

Insulin sensitivity in calves decreases substantially during the first 3 months of life and is unaffected by weaning or fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation

Influence of weaning age, management, and slaughter age on export lamb carcass production and slipe wool weights

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