“…Many previous studies have discussed predictors of stock returns including DAR, DER, ROA, ROE, and NPM, for example, Andriani & Winedar (2020), Ghale (2015), Tumonggor et al (2017), Jais et al (2012), Mahardika & Artini (2017), Öztürk & Karabulut (2018), Tikasari & Surjandari (2020), Ristyawan (2019), Rohpika & Fhitri (2020), Simorangkir (2019), Hasanudin et al (2020), andYuliaratih &Artini (2018). They tested the influence of some variables including DAR, DER, ROA, ROE, and NPM on stock returns and showed inconsistent results.…”