The effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi and bacteria on pine seedlings

Abstract

The effect of ecomycorrhizal fungi (<i>Hebelon crustuliniforme</i>(Bull.: Fr.) Quél. 5392 and <i> Pisolithus tinctorius</i> (Pers.) Coker et Couch 5335) and bacteria (<i>Bacillus polymyxa</i> and <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>). associated with mycorrhizas on the growth of pine seedligs was investigated. In addition the influence of bacteria on fungal biomass production and the relationship between ectomycorrhizal fungi and fungi pathogenic to root of pine seedlings were determined. In general, the shoot/root ratio was higher in plants inoculated with <i>Hebeloma crustuliniforme</i> and bacteria than in the control seedlings (grown only under sterile conditions). In non-sterile substrate the root/shoot ratio of the mycorrhizal seedlings was lower as compared to the control. Similar phenomenon was noted in plants inoculated with the mycorrhizal fungus <i>Pisolithus tinetorius</i>. The bacteria used as well as the time of introduction of these organisms into the cultures of mycorrhiza fungi affected the production of fungal biomass. <i>Hebeloma crustuliniforme</i> and <i>Pisolithus tinctorius</i> inhibited the growth of <i>Rizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> fungi pathogenic to pine seedlings.

Growth and ectomycorrhization of banj oak plants co-inoculated with Scleroderma bovista and mycorrhizosphere bacteria

“…These bacteria survive well in the trehalose rich environment of vegetative fungal hyphae (Danell et al, 1993 fluorescens MB9 was comparable to uninoculated control but lower than EMF control. This could be due to defensive effect of bacterial treatment, which might have restricted fungal growth in root tissues (Dahm et al, 1998). A strong positive regression of fungal mantle thickness (µm) by EMF colonization (%) was obtained (Fig.…”

“…The one way ANOVA showed significant (p < 0.01) differences of treatment variation on all the tested plant growth parameters. In vitro growth enhancement of Pisolithus tinctorius and Hebeloma crustuliniforme has been reported from Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus polymyxa in liquid medium (Dahm et al, 1998). Likewise, in vivo helper effect has been reported on Laccaria laccata with B. amyloliquefaciens on Douglas fir with 60-80% mycorrhization increase (Duponnois and Garbaye, 1991), L. laccata with Agrobactrium sp.…”

The Impact of Effective Microorganisms (EM) and Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on the Growth and Mycorrhizal Colonization of Fagus sylvatica and Quercus robur Seedlings in a Bare-Root Nursery Experiment

“…This is the case for both mature trees and seedlings, whether naturally regenerating or produced in nurseries [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Mycorrhizae played an important role in the successful colonization of land by plants [15], and these relationships are critical for plant nutrition and protection against abiotic and biotic factors [16,17]. The abundance and diversity of mycorrhizal fungi on seedling roots have a direct impact on the health of plants and adaptation of seedlings to planting on the plantations [18].…”