The effect of electrolytic oxidation on the electrochemical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Probing the electrochemical behaviour of SWCNT–cobalt nanoparticles and their electrocatalytic activities towards the detection of nitrite at acidic and physiological pH conditions

“…The sluggish electron transfer behaviour at the bare electrode can be improved upon by surface modification with electron transfer mediators such as carbon nanotubes and redox active metal nanoparticle catalysts. Because of their unique structure, electrical and mechanical properties [1], there have been reports on applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in nanoscale hydrodynamics [2], field emission devices [3], catalysis of redox reactions [4][5][6], nanoelectronics [7], hydrogen storage [8], electrochemical capacitors [9,10] and electrochemical sensors [11]. Several authors have reported the excellent electrocatalytic properties of nanotubes towards the electrocatalytic response of different molecules and bio-molecules such as hydrazine [12], NADH [13], dopamine [14], nitric oxide [15], ascorbic acid [5] and hydrogen peroxide [16].…”

Positive Charge-doping on Carbon Nanotube Walls and Anion-directed Tunable Dispersion of the Derivatives

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Of the various techniques employed to dissolve CNTs in a suitable solvent, the oxidative cutting of CNTs using a strong oxidant and acidic medium at high temperatures has been the method of choice, which has served as a very useful tool. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Highly reactive chemicals such as alkali metals and Brønsted super acids have also been employed, often leading to charged CNT-derivatives which are quite unstable under ambient conditions.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9] Highly reactive chemicals such as alkali metals and Brønsted super acids have also been employed, often leading to charged CNT-derivatives which are quite unstable under ambient conditions. [10][11][12][13] Given the significant damage caused during these harsh processes, the pristine CNTs tend to ultimately lose their primary properties and often become air sensitive. To avoid these serious consequences, polymers 14 and several types of solubilizers 15,16 were employed in excess.…”

“…[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] However, it has recently been found by the authors that Lewis acidic ionic liquids (ILs) such as [bmim]Al 2 Cl 7 or [bmim][Sb n F 5n+1 ] (n ≥ 2) (bmim = 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium) greatly accelerate organic reactions. 13,14 [bmim]Al 2 Cl 7 was effectively used for the hydrogenation of many aromatic compounds not only to activate the conjugated C=C bonds via an ionic mechanism, but also to stabilize the ionic intermediates by the cations and anions of ILs. 25 Moreover, in the case of the catalyst [bmim]Sb n F 5n+1 (n ≥ 2) exhibiting stronger acidity, it was also possible that even the thermodynamically stable ring of tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent can be easily opened to create strong electrophilic species.…”

Positively Charged Silver Nanoparticles Threaded on Carbon Nanotube for the Efficient Delivery of Negatively Charged Biomolecules

“…[1][2][3] The chemicallyinert surface of CNTs often has been functionalized with strong oxidants in strong acid to gain more efficient link with amine-or thiol-sites of biomolecules, resulting in the formation of carboxyl groups intensively at the end of CNT tubes (CNT-COOH) with severe damage. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Further functionalization of the carboxyl groups on modified CNTs was also attempted to increase the adhesion efficacy of proteins. 6,7 However the functionalization of CNTs has been showing the limit to increase the efficiency of the protein delivery, because it may be difficult that the whole surface of CNTs is uniformly to be functionalized.…”