The effect of electron‐neutral energy exchange on the fluid Farley‐Buneman instability threshold

The role played by thermal feedback in heated Farley-Buneman waves at high latitudes

“…This means that we stay with the small w, zero aspect angle, zero¯ow angle case considered by Gurevich and Karashtin (1984) and Shalimov and Haldoupis (1995). The more general treatment that includes all possible w values, aspect and¯ow angles as well as electron heating by electric ®elds and plasma waves already exists (Kissack et al, 1995(Kissack et al, , 1997, but its rami®cations can only be understood by exploring particular cases and in the process by comparing the results with the work of others, as is being done here.…”

“…Along the same lines, Kissack et al (1995Kissack et al ( , 1997 used the fact that low frequency waves should be describable with¯uid theory in order to evolve a systematic¯uid framework of the Farley-Buneman instability based on Grad's 8-moment approximation, to produce a theory that included electron energy and heat¯ow e ects. One di erence with the Dimant and Sudan work was that they chose to cast their results in a form that o ered a clear generalization of the classical treatment.…”

“…One di erence with the Dimant and Sudan work was that they chose to cast their results in a form that o ered a clear generalization of the classical treatment. A second di erence was that Kissack et al (1995Kissack et al ( , 1997 allowed for an arbitrary behavior of the electron-neutral interactions so that the elastic collision frequency and the inelastic energy exchange rates were given in terms of arbitrary functions of T e , not just power laws. Finally, Kissack et al (1995Kissack et al ( , 1997 have, as we shall see in more detail here, a more general treatment of electron heating which also allows them to study situations for which the electron temperature is much greater than the neutral temperature.…”

On the usefulness of <i>E</i> region electron temperatures and lower <i>F</i> region ion temperatures for the extraction of thermospheric parameters: a case study

“…Since the power going to the waves is actually dominated by Joule dissipation even in the linear growth stages (St.-Maurice, 1987), one has to conclude that the electron heating rate should be related to the eective electric ®eld at least quadratically once unstable waves are triggered (we show in the Appendix that the heating rate depends on the eective electric ®eld even though the instability extracts its power from the currents). The heating rate may very well go up even faster because (1) the electron-neutral collision frequency, on which the heating rate depends linearly, also changes dramatically with the electron temperature itself and (2) an increasingly large range of unstable modes is excited as the ambient electric ®eld increases (Kissack et al, 1997). In other words, once it is recognized that the plasma waves can reach a large enough amplitude to heat the electrons, the heating rate can only increase rapidly (at least quadratically) with eective electric ®eld strength.…”

Modeling of the Farley-Buneman instability in the E-region ionosphere: a new hybrid approach

“…Starting from the two pioneering papers by Farley (1963) and Buneman (1963), the linear theory of the FB instability has been developed for many years (Lee et al, 1971;Schmidt and Gary, 1973;Ossakow et al, 1975;Fejer et al, 1984;Dimant and Sudan, 1995a,b,c;Kissack et al, 1995;Kissack et al, 1997;St.-Maurice and Kissack, 2000;Drexler et al, 2002;Dimant and Oppenheim, 2004;Kagan and St.-Maurice, 2004;Drexler and St. Maurice, 2005;Kissack et al, 2008a,b). This theory, however, has limited applications.…”