The Effect of Emotion on Prosocial Tendency: The Moderating Effect of Epidemic Severity Under the Outbreak of COVID-19

Ye, Yingying; Long, Tingting; Liu, Cuizhen; Xu, Dan

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.588701

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In addition to medical professionals, the public is also impacted by acute prevalent stressors during the outbreaks of infectious diseases. For example, Chinese college students reported significant emotional distress and psychological burnout in response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003 [21,22], and similar emotional distress (eg, anxiety, stress, fear, and depression symptoms) was observed in various countries during the recent COVID-19 pandemic [10,23,24].…”

Section: Emotional Exhaustion In the Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Media and Emotional Burnout Regulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multilevel Approach

Shao¹,

Zhen²,

Zhang³

2021

J Med Internet Res

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Background In February 2020, the Chinese government imposed a complete lockdown of Wuhan and other cities in Hubei Province to contain a spike of COVID-19 cases. Although such measures are effective in preventing the spread of the virus, medical professionals strongly voiced a caveat concerning the pandemic emotional burnout at the individual level. Although the lockdown limited individuals’ interpersonal communication with people in their social networks, it is common that individuals turn to social media to seek and share health information, exchange social support, and express pandemic-generated feelings. Objective Based on a holistic and multilevel perspective, this study examines how pandemic-related emotional exhaustion enacts intrapersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal emotional regulation strategies, and then evaluates the effectiveness of these strategies, with a particular interest in understanding the role of hyperpersonal-level regulation or social media–based regulation. Methods Using an online panel, this study sampled 538 Chinese internet users from Hubei Province, the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Survey data collection lasted for 12 days from February 7-18, 2020, two weeks after Hubei Province was placed under quarantine. The sample had an average age of 35 (SD 10.65, range 18-78) years, and a majority were married (n=369, 68.6%). Results Using structural equation modeling, this study found that intrapersonal-level (B=0.22; β=.24; P<.001) and interpersonal-level (B=0.35; β=.49; P<.001) emotional regulation strategies were positively associated with individuals’ outcome reappraisal. In contrast with intrapersonal and interpersonal regulations, hyperpersonal (social media–based) regulation strategies, such as disclosing and retweeting negative emotions, were negatively related to the outcome reappraisal (B=–1.00; β=–.80; P<.001). Conclusions Consistent with previous literature, intrapersonal-level regulation (eg, cognitive reappraisal, mindfulness, and self-kindness) and interpersonal-level supportive interaction may generate a buffering effect on emotional exhaustion and promote individuals’ reappraisal toward the stressful situation. However, hyperpersonal-level regulation may exacerbate the experienced negative emotions and impede reappraisal of the pandemic situation. It is speculated that retweeting content that contains pandemic-related stress and anxiety may cause a digital emotion contagion. Individuals who share other people’s negative emotional expressions on social media are likely to be affected by the negative affect contagion. More importantly, the possible benefits of intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulations may be counteracted by social media or hyperpersonal regulation. This suggests the necessity to conduct social media–based health communication interventions to mitigate the social media–wide negative affect contagion if lockdown policies related to highly infectious diseases are initiated.

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Section: Emotional Exhaustion In the Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Media and Emotional Burnout Regulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multilevel Approach

Shao¹,

Zhen²,

Zhang³

2021

J Med Internet Res

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“…However, it was astonishing, how high the offers were in both cases, as they greatly exceeded the average dictator game offer that was to be expected (28.3%, Engel, 2011) by about 15% (no suggestion DG: 45.35 %, suggestion DG: 43 %, see Table 3). This discrepancy to the literature is unexpected and may reflect a bias in sampling, the specific setting of the experiment or the impact of the present crisis of COVID-19 on prosocial behavior in general (e.g., Ye et al, 2020). Given the very high general level of the dictator game offers, the differences in the DG without the suggestion and with suggestion are hard to interpret, but they may most likely be due to the lower offers given to receivers that indicate that they don´t want any money at all or just a very small share (see Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

You get what you deserve! Reactance, greed and altruism in the dictator game with offer suggestions by the receiver

Rodrigues

Caporale

Euen

et al. 2022

Personality and Individual Differences

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Offers in the Dictator game are considered altruistic behavior. Indicators of the need of the receiver like income or a specific request of the receiver influence proposers' decisions, along with traits such as greed and altruism. We investigated the combination of these influences in 140 participants.A higher need by the receiver led to higher offers up to equal share demands unless reactance led to lower offers for high-income receivers. Correspondingly, low-income receivers got more money than other receivers if asking for little. Trait altruism led to higher offers, while trait greed led to lower offers in above equal share requests. We found exploratory unusually high offers in our paradigm, lower offers for women and for requests in general.The present findings strengthen the concept of a "benevolent" non-harming for anyone nature of narrow altruism, while supporting the concept of greed including the possibility of getting more at the expense of others. Additionally, the role of need and reactance is shown in bargaining.

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“…Finally, there are exciting avenues for future research to greatly progress the field. Emerging research has developed and evaluated new theories and hypotheses of mental health during disasters using SNS data, providing exciting advances in our understanding of how SNS data can be capitalised for knowledge discovery (e.g., De Choudhury et al, 2014;Ye et al, 2020). Such research should be encouraged by both computer and mental health scientists, given that other public health applications can be achieved by government organisations as part of their disaster response efforts (Galea & Norris, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The five articles that were classified as knowledge discovery aimed to evaluate theories of human behaviour and mental health during disasters using SNS data. This included examining the impact of psychological distance in the attention a disaster receives from SNS users (Van Lent et al, 2017), prosocial behaviour, coping, and desensitisation to trauma during the disaster (De Choudhury et al, 2014;Gaspar et al, 2016;Ye et al, 2020), and predicting recovery from SNS users purchasing behaviours and intentions (Shibuya & Tanaka, 2018).…”

Section: Disaster Mental Health Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social media monitoring of mental health during disasters: A scoping review of methods and applications

Teague¹,

Abr²,

Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundDifficulties in deploying mental health assessments during disasters have resulted in emerging research examining the use of social media as a population mental health monitoring tool. This review synthesises this literature, with particular focus on research methods and applications.MethodsThe field of social media monitoring of mental health during disasters was rapidly mapped using a scoping review methodology. Six interdisciplinary research databases were searched for relevant articles, with data extracted on the articles’ applications and data collection and analysis methods. Articles were then synthesised via narrative review.ResultsForty-seven papers were identified. Three application themes emerged, including: (i) estimating mental health burden; (ii) planning or evaluating interventions and policies, and (iii) knowledge discovery, where theories of human behaviour and mental health were evaluated. Applications across 30 mental health issues were identified, with mental health typically assessed using established linguistic dictionaries. Features extracted from social media data included linguistic, psycholinguistic, behavioural, and demographic features. Analytic techniques involved machine learning, statistical modelling, and qualitative analyses.ConclusionsThe application of social media monitoring has considerable potential for measuring the mental health impact on populations during disasters. As an emerging field, opportunities for further work were identified to improve mental health assessment methods, examine specific mental health conditions, and trial tools in real-world settings. Platforms integrated with such techniques may offer significant benefits for monitoring mental health in contexts where formal assessments are difficult to deploy, and may potentially be harnessed to monitor the impact of response efforts and intervention delivery.

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The Effect of Emotion on Prosocial Tendency: The Moderating Effect of Epidemic Severity Under the Outbreak of COVID-19

Cited by 26 publications

References 41 publications

Social Media and Emotional Burnout Regulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multilevel Approach

Social Media and Emotional Burnout Regulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multilevel Approach

You get what you deserve! Reactance, greed and altruism in the dictator game with offer suggestions by the receiver

Social media monitoring of mental health during disasters: A scoping review of methods and applications

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