The effect of environmental micropollutant (DEET) on the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory proteins in human cells

Abstract

N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is an insect repellent used worldwide, and a common micropollutant in aquatic environments. However, few studies have addressed the molecular mechanism of DEET toxicity and its effects on cell growth and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of DEET on the expression of the cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory proteins in human BE(2)-M17 cells. The results showed that DEET significantly decreased the cell viability (40.6 ~ 68.9% of control) at concentrations of 500 ~ 4,000 mg/L. Also, DEET significantly decreased the expressions of CDK 2, CDK 4, and cyclin D1 (3.9 ~ 86.6% of control), at concentrations of 50 400 mg/L but from 100 mg/L for cyclin E. Furthermore, DEET significantly increased the expression of caspase-3 (223.1 ~ 1,770.6% of control), but significantly decreased Bcl-2 expression (46.1 ~ 86.3% of control) at all concentrations tested. In conclusion, DEET partially affected the expression of CDK/cyclin molecules, but fully affected the expressions of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 in BE(2)-M17 cells.

Repellency of α-pinene against the house fly, Musca domestica

“…DEET's mode of action is still not fully resolved and while its interactions with olfactory and gustatory receptors may prevent insects from detecting and biting mammalian hosts (Ditzen et al, 2008;Lee et al, 2010;Pellegrino et al, 2011), these interactions may not be appropriate to dissuade a house fly from landing and depositing pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects. Furthermore, as there are environmental and health concerns associated with the overuse of DEET (Kim et al, 2011;Briassoulis et al, 2001), it is important to investigate novel insect repellents with low toxicity and alternative modes of action.…”

“…N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) (Chart 1) has been an effective and popular topical synthetic repellent of hematophagous arthropods for decades, but recent findings have raised concerns over its toxicity to non-target organisms (Qiu et al, 1998;Sudakin and Trevathan, 2003;Singh et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2011). These concerns have led researchers to investigate potentially less toxic botanical compounds and their derivatives that possess insectrepellent qualities (Nerio et al, 2010).…”

Comparação ecotoxicológica de princípios ativos de repelentes para invertebrados aquáticos irradiados e não irradiados com radiação gama

“…Também verificaram alterações significativas nas enzimas controladoras do ciclo celular, afetando todo o crescimento e a apoptose celular.Neste trabalho, os autores compararam os resultados obtidos com aqueles disponíveis na literatura para os organismos aquáticos (ver TAB. 16).Portanto, os resultados encontrados neste trabalho foram semelhantes aos encontrados porKim et al (2011).Os resultados da CE 50 dos ensaios de sensibilidade realizados com os organismos foram inseridos no gráfico para elaboração da carta-controle, que está apresentada no APÊNDICE A. A média acumulada e os limites superiores e inferiores também foram estabelecidos.…”