The Effect of Exercise on Earnings: Evidence from the NLSY

Kosteas, Vasilios D.

doi:10.2139/ssrn.1612384

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Physical fitness, as defined in this article, has strong relationships with positive health outcomes, including reduced risk for preventable deaths (59,70,72) and chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, back pain, and high cholesterol (18,31,57,61,92,93,95,122,130), as well as reduced health care spending (3,4,43,45,91,97,127), productivity loss (15,18,29,45,96), absenteeism (2, 10), short-term disability, and workdays lost (15) and enhanced mood and work performance (30,93). Fitness is also associated with other non-health-related benefits, such as increased worker income and overall family earnings (27,58), lower debt (74), lower long-term unemployment (30), low turnover rates, job satisfaction, and recruitment and retention of workers (9,63,90). Owing to its impact on specific occupational groups such as the military, firefighters, and law enforcement, fitness enhances local and national security and safety-an important societal benefit (23,71,115).…”

Section: Why Does Fitness Matter?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness of the US Workforce

Pronk

2015

Annu. Rev. Public Health

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Fitness matters for the prevention of premature death, chronic diseases, productivity loss, excess medical care costs, loss of income or family earnings, and other social and economic concerns. The workforce may be viewed as a corporate strategic asset, yet its fitness level appears to be relatively low and declining. Over the past half-century, obesity rates have doubled, physical activity levels are below par, and cardiorespiratory fitness often does not meet minimum acceptable job standards. During this time, daily occupational energy expenditure has decreased by more than 100 calories. Employers should consider best practices and design workplace wellness programs accordingly. Particular attention should be paid to human-centered cultures. Research should address ongoing surveillance needs regarding fitness of the US workforce and close gaps in the evidence base for fitness and business-relevant outcomes. Policy priorities should consider the impact of both state and federal regulations, adherence to current regulations that protect and promote worker health, and the introduction of incentives that allow employers to optimize the fitness of their workforce through supportive legislation and organizational policies.

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Section: Why Does Fitness Matter?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness of the US Workforce

Pronk

2015

Annu. Rev. Public Health

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“…In addition, low physical activity levels can also have adverse socioeconomic consequences. For example, a significant positive correlation has been found between moderate exercise (at least once per week) and earnings among women; and this correlation continued to increase with frequent exercise (three plus times per week) [50]. The association between exercise and income follows the previous established relationship with weight and income, where white, Black, and Hispanic females who were heavier earned less compared to lighter women [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Community Level Predictors of Physical Activity Among Women in the Preconception Period

Vamos

Sun

Flory

et al. 2015

Matern Child Health J

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Although physical activity is a key behavior targeted during the preconception period given its significant impact on pregnancy/birth outcomes and psychological well-being, few women meet national guidelines. While intrapersonal factors influencing physical activity among this population have been studied, community factors remain unexplored. The objective of this study was to examine community level predictors of physical activity among preconception women. Data from Add Health were limited to women (Wave III; age 18-28; n = 7,596) and excluded respondents who were pregnant, physically disabled, and missing data. The outcome variable was ≥5 instances of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in 1 week. Community predictor variables included neighborhood-level structural and social determinants (e.g., socio-demographic composition; landscape diversity; urbanization; access to resources; crime; vehicle availability). Multilevel logistic regression modeling was used to estimate the odds of engaging in ≥5 instances of MVPA. Few women (26 %) reported ≥5 instances of MVPA in 1 week. Adjusted multilevel analysis revealed women in the preconception period were more likely to report high MVPA when living in communities with larger population densities (OR 1.34, 95 % CI 1.02-1.77) and median household income greater than $50,000 (OR 1.33, 95 % CI 1.06-1.66). Additionally, a significant inverse trend was found between high MVPA and proportion of the community without a high school diploma. Findings suggest that neighborhood composition may have an impact on preconception physical activity status. Implications include increased efforts targeting community conditions for facilitating physical activity; ultimately, improving health among women and subsequent offspring.

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“…Indeed, some studies show an association between being more physically active and earned wages, all else being equal. For instance, Kosteas (2012) examined the association between physical activity and the salaries of American employees, and found that, all else being equal, participating regularly in physical activity was associated with between 6 per cent and 10 per cent higher salary earned than individuals not engaging in sufficient physical activity. Very similar results were found in a study by Lechner (2009), in which German individuals who participate regularly in sports activities reported to be more satisfied with their life and earned up to 1,200 euros more than inactive individuals, on average.…”

Section: Physical Activity Work Performance and Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The economic benefits of a more physically active population: An international analysis

Hafner¹,

Yerushalmi²,

Phillips³

et al. 2019

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This report examines the potential economic benefits of physical activity. Specifically, it looks at the potential gains in economic output and healthcare expenditure savings under different physical activity improvement scenarios at the population level. This study contributes to the existing literature in three ways. First, we synthesise and evaluate, in a systematic manner, the existing empirical evidence on the association between physical activity and mortality risk, using a meta-analytical approach to adjust for study heterogeneity and potential publication bias in the literature. Second, using large-scale, international workplace survey data, we quantify the associations between physical activity and workplace performance, with a specific focus on levels of sickness absence and levels of presenteeism. Finally, we examine the macroeconomic effects of reduced premature mortality and reductions in sickness absence and presenteeism associated with making the population of a country more physically active. The report will be of interest to policymakers in the fields of public health and at the same time to a much broader spectrum of readers, including private sector agents, in particular in the health and life insurance domains. The Vitality Group, part of Discovery Ltd, commissioned RAND Europe to carry out this research project. RAND Europe had full editorial control and independence of the analyses performed and presented in this report. This work informs the public good and should not be taken as a commercial endorsement. RAND Europe is an independent, not-for-profit policy research organisation that aims to improve policy-and decision making in the public interest through research and analysis. This report has been peer-reviewed in accordance with RAND's quality assurance standards. For more information about RAND Europe or this document, please contact Marco Hafner

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The Effect of Exercise on Earnings: Evidence from the NLSY

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Fitness of the US Workforce

Fitness of the US Workforce

Community Level Predictors of Physical Activity Among Women in the Preconception Period

The economic benefits of a more physically active population: An international analysis

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