The effect of exercise training on blood pressure in menopause and postmenopausal women: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Loaiza-Betancur, Andrés Felipe; Chulvi‐Medrano, Iván; Díaz-López, Víctor; Gómez‐Tomás, Cinta

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2021.05.005

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Aerobic exercise, sometimes combined with resistance exercise, is associated with a lower risk of hypertension and CVD in postmenopausal females (9,10). Aerobic exercise notably activates signaling pathways (MAPK and PGC1α) within endothelial cells that are also triggered by estrogens and that lead to the synthesis of nitric oxide (11).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of Blood Pressure and Vascular Health in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Postmenopausal Females

Debray

Enéa

Ravanelli

et al. 2022

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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PurposeThe benefits of exercise on vascular health are inconsistent in postmenopausal females. We investigated if blood pressure and markers of vascular function differ between physically active early post- and late premenopausal females.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional comparison of 24-h blood pressure, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, microvascular reactivity (reactive hyperemia), carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity, and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity between physically active late premenopausal (n = 16, 48 ± 2 yr) and early postmenopausal (n = 14, 53 ± 2 yr) females.ResultsPhysical activity level was similar between premenopausal (490 ± 214 min·wk−1) and postmenopausal (550 ± 303 min·wk−1) females (P = 0.868). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (pre, 4.6 ± 3.9, vs post, 4.7% ± 2.2%; P = 0.724), 24-h systolic (+5 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –1 to +10, P = 0.972) and diastolic (+4 mm Hg, 95% CI = –1 to +9, P = 0.655) blood pressures, total reactive hyperemia (pre, 1.2 ± 0.5, vs post, 1.0 ± 0.5 mL·mm Hg−1; P = 0.479), carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (pre, 7.9 ± 1.7, vs post, 8.1 ± 1.8 m·s−1; P = 0.477), and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (−8 ms·mm Hg−1, 95% CI = –20.55 to 4.62, P = 0.249) did not differ between groups. By contrast, peak reactive hyperemia (−0.36 mL·min−1⋅mm Hg−1, 95% CI = –0.87 to +0.15, P = 0.009) was lower in postmenopausal females.ConclusionsThese results suggest that blood pressure and markers of vascular function do not differ between physically active late pre- and early postmenopausal females.

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of Blood Pressure and Vascular Health in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Postmenopausal Females

Debray

Enéa

Ravanelli

et al. 2022

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…We observed a statistically significant reduction in SBP for postmenopausal women 15 . Additionally, a recent meta-analysis 23 found a significant reduction in SBP of postmenopausal and menopausal women with RT (−3.13 [−5.14, −1.11]), but the authors did not set the use of hormonal replacement and diet intervention as an inclusion criterion. These fac-tors may have masked the real effect on BP, since these two practices had already showed a BP reduction in postmenopausal women 24,14 , our meta-analysis found a larger effect on SBP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedentary postmenopausal women not undergoing hormone replacement therapy can have their blood pressure lowered by performing resistance training: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Bertochi

Oliveira

Santos

et al. 2022

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at examining the literature regarding the effects of resistance training (RT) on blood pressure (BP) in postmenopausal women. Methods: The Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and BVS databases were accessed by two independent reviewers between July 2020, and June 2021 to search for studies that investigated the effects of RT on BP. The eligibility criteria were determined by the PICOT strategy. P: postmenopausal women, I: RT, in which training variables are presented, C: presence of a control group that does not receive any type of intervention, O: BP measured in both groups, at least before and after the intervention, T: randomized controlled trial. For the studies included in the meta-analysis, we calculated the effects sizes based on the net changes in the systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP for a random effect model with a confidence interval of 95% and a statistical significance of p < 0.05. Results: The RT group presented a significantly lower SBP (−7.25 mmHg [95% CI: −14.04, −0.45], p = 0.04), while DBP was not statistically significantly different compared to controlled conditions (−2.54 mmHg [95% CI: −5.52, 0.44], p = 0.09). Conclusions: Physically-inactive postmenopausal women who did not take hormone replacement but performed RT exercise had a lower BP value when compared to the control group.

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“…Recently, two systematic review and meta-analyses showed that aerobic exercises only do not lead to a clinical improvement in blood pressure in pre- and post-menopausal females. However, when this modality of exercise is combined with resistance exercises, a greater improvement is observed within this population [ 18 , 19 ]. In the same way, it has been shown that one year of aerobic exercise reduces carotid arterial stiffness and increases cerebral blood flow in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Performances in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Post-Menopausal Females

et al. 2022

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Menopause accelerates increases in arterial stiffness and decreases cognitive performances. The objective of this study was to compare cognitive performances in physically active pre- and post-menopausal females and their relationship with arterial stiffness. We performed a cross-sectional comparison of blood pressure, carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and cognitive performances between physically active late pre- and early post-menopausal females. Systolic (post-menopause—pre-menopause: +6 mmHg [95% CI −1; +13], p = 0.27; ŋ2 = 0.04) and diastolic (+6 mmHg [95% CI +2; +11], p = 0.06; ŋ2 = 0.12) blood pressures, and cf-PWV (+0.29 m/s [95% CI −1.03; 1.62], p = 0.48; ŋ2 = 0.02) did not differ between groups. Post-menopausal females performed as well as pre-menopausal females on tests evaluating executive functions, episodic memory and processing speed. Group differences were observed on the computerized working memory task. Post-menopausal females had lower accuracy (p = 0.02; ŋ2 = 0.25) but similar reaction time (p = 0.70; ŋ2 < 0.01). Moreover, this performance was inversely associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms (r = −0.38; p = 0.05). These results suggest that arterial stiffness and performance on tests assessing episodic memory and processing speed and executive functions assessing inhibition and switching abilities did not differ between physically active pre- and post-menopausal females. However, post-menopausal females had lower performance on a challenging condition of a working memory task, and this difference in working memory between groups cannot be explained by increased arterial stiffness.

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The effect of exercise training on blood pressure in menopause and postmenopausal women: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 18 publications

References 98 publications

Comparison of Blood Pressure and Vascular Health in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Postmenopausal Females

Comparison of Blood Pressure and Vascular Health in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Postmenopausal Females

Sedentary postmenopausal women not undergoing hormone replacement therapy can have their blood pressure lowered by performing resistance training: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Performances in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Post-Menopausal Females

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