The effect of extreme temperatures on soil organic matter decomposition from Atlantic oak forest ecosystems

Abstract

Summary This work designs a heatwave with a calorimeter to analyze the response of soils from oak forest ecosystems to increasing temperature from 20°C to 60°C and to cooling from 60°C to 20°C. Calorimetry measures the heat rate of the soil organic matter decomposition and the response to increasing and decreasing temperatures directly. It was applied to soil samples representing different soil horizons with organic matter at different degree of decomposition given by their heat of combustion, calculated by differential scanning calorimetry. Results showed temperature-dependent decomposition rates from 20°C to 40°C or 50°C typical for enzymatic activity. From 40°C to 60°C, changes in the rates are less predictable. Data analysis during cooling showed that all samples suffered losses of their enzymatic capacity and that only those with the heat of combustion values close to that of carbohydrates resisted the heat wave.

Estimación de la calidad de sitio de Cinchona pubescens (Rubiaceae), en el bosque montano La Palma, Chota, Perú

“…A su vez, la temperatura también se correlaciona con la productividad de un sitio (Farrelly et al, 2009), por lo que podría tener influencia en la distribución espacial de las especies de vegetación natural (Lozada y Sentelhes, 2008). Existe evidencia que la temperatura es un indicador de la disponibilidad de nutrientes, al aumentar, se incrementa la absorción activa de los elementos (Clavijo et al, 2001;Barros, 2021). Asimismo, es un parámetro que ejerce influencia sobre procesos fisiológicos del crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas (Lozada y Sentelhes, 2008), considerando que cada especie requiere una temperatura óptima, mínima y máxima para su sobrevivencia y su desarrollo normal, si esta no cuenta con sus límites demandados el crecimiento se ve afectado (Chaves y Gutiérrez, 2017;Gu et al, 2020).…”

Thermodynamics of Bacteria-Phage Interactions: T4 and Lambda Bacteriophages, and E. Coli Can Coexist in Natural Ecosystems due to the Ratio of their Gibbs Energies of Biosynthesis

“…Calorimetric measurements and biothermodynamic analysis of microorganisms have been performed by Maskow [Maskow et al, 2010a;Maskow and Paufler, 2015;Maskow and Harms, 2006;Maskow and von Stockar, 2005;Maskow, 2013;Korth et al, 2021;Fricke et al, 2019]. Thermodynamics has been applied to the fields of soil research by Barros [Barros, 2021;Barros et al, 2021Barros et al, , 2020Barros et al, , 2016Xu et al, 2017]. Therefore, thermodynamics has been in use in biological research for over 200 years and has given many interesting results [Berg et al, 2002].…”