The effect of facial expression on facial symmetry in surgically managed unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (UCLP)

Al-Rudainy, Dhelal; Ju, Xiangyang; Mehendale, Felicity V.; Ayoub, Ashraf

doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2018.10.004

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…investigated the effect of facial expression on facial asymmetry in a sample of 4-year-old children with a repaired UCLP. They concluded, similarly to Darby et al, that the residual facial asymmetry was accentuated at maximum smile 27,28 . Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to minimize the effect of facial expression and to standardize image acquisition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

The Effect of Autologous Alveolar Bone Grafting on Nasolabial Asymmetry in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

Thierens

Kerckhof

Roo

et al. 2020

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to examine whether an autologous alveolar bone graft has an effect on the nasolabial asymmetry in unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate. Fifteen children (mean age 7.5  2.4 years) with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP) were included. Non-ionizing three-dimensional images were acquired prior to and three months after the alveolar bone grafting procedure. A 2D and a landmark-independent 3D asymmetry assessment were used to detect changes of asymmetry in the nasolabial area. For the 2D assessment, a cleft and non-cleft side ratio for 4 linear nasal and 2 linear labial distances was expressed as a Coefficient of Asymmetry (CA). The 3D asymmetry assessment comprised a robust superimposition of the face with its mirror image, expressed as a root-mean-square-error (RSME) in mm. A significant decrease in the CA for the labial distance from the facial midline to the labial commissure was observed (P=0.036). Also, the CA for the labial distance from the facial midline to the highest point of Cupid's bow increased significantly (P=0.028). Nonsignificant changes were observed for the CA for the 2 nasal distances and the 2 other labial distances. No significant changes in 3D nasal asymmetry were detected (P=0.820). Alveolar bone grafting completes the alveolar ridge but has only little to no clinical effect on the asymmetry of the secondary cleft lip nasal deformity.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

The Effect of Autologous Alveolar Bone Grafting on Nasolabial Asymmetry in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

Thierens

Kerckhof

Roo

et al. 2020

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ICP algorithm seeks optimal superimposed position of the three-dimensional original and mirror models composed of tens of thousands of point clouds determined by an iterative solution [17]. Based on 1:1 ratio between the original and mirror landmarks (anatomical landmarks or mathematical facial mask), the PA algorithm obtains the superimposed position with minimum average distance between the two sets of landmarks through a matrix operation (translation, rotation, and scale) [18][19][20][21]. SRP extraction, using PA algorithm, relies more on facial landmarks than it does when using ICP algorithm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method for 3D face symmetry reference plane based on weighted Procrustes analysis algorithm

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background We aimed to establish a novel method, using the weighted Procrustes analysis (WPA) algorithm, which assigns weight to facial anatomical landmarks, to construct a three-dimensional facial symmetry reference plane (SRP) for mandibular deviation patients. Methods Three-dimensional facial SRPs were independently extracted from 15 mandibular deviation patients using both our WPA algorithm and the standard PA algorithm. A reference plane was defined to serve as the ground truth. To determine whether the WPA SRP or the PA SRP was closer to the ground truth, we measured the position error of mirrored landmarks, the facial asymmetry index (FAI) error, and the angle error for the global face and each facial third partition. Results The average angle error between the WPA SRP and the ground truth was 1.66 ± 0.81°, which was smaller than that between the PA SRP and the ground truth. The position error of the mirrored landmarks constructed using the WPA algorithm in the global face (3.64 ± 1.53 mm) and each facial partition was lower than that constructed using the PA algorithm. The average FAI error of the WPA SRP was − 7.77 ± 17.02 mm, which was smaller than that of the PA SRP. Conclusions This novel automatic algorithm, based on weighted anatomic landmarks, can provide a more adaptable SRP than the standard PA algorithm when applied to severe mandibular deviation patients and can better simulate the diagnosis strategies of clinical experts.

show abstract

“…6,7 Obvious examples of affected function of mimic muscles are patients with facial paralysis 4,[6][7][8] or orofacial cleft anomalies. 9,10 However, altered facial expressions are also observed in patients with dentofacial deformities, [11][12][13] or after orthognathic surgery. [11][12][13][14] Patterns in facial expression are influenced by underlying hard tissues, 15 which might explain altered facial expressions in dentofacial deformities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Average Facial Expressions: A Range of Motion Analysis for Different Sex and Age Groups

Schutte

Muradin

Bielevelt

et al. 2023

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Facial expressions are ubiquitous in communication. Therefore, assessment of mimic function is essential in facial surgery, but no reference standards are currently available. This prospective study aims to create reference values of three-dimensional landmark displacement for different sex and age groups. Methods: Three-dimensional photographs were taken from healthy subjects in rest, maximum closed smile, and pouting. Displacement for both exercises of perioral landmarks was analyzed with MATLAB as absolute displacement and as the ratio of mouth width. Additionally, displacement in three planes was analyzed for each landmark. Averages were calculated for both genders in four age groups: 4–8, 8–12, 12–16, and >16 years. Results: In total, 328 subjects were included. Oral landmarks predominantly moved forward and backward for both exercises. Nasal landmarks predominantly moved vertically. Growing up, oral landmark displacement decreased for smiling, whereas nasal landmark displacement increased. For pouting, oral landmark displacement increased while growing up, whereas nasal landmark displacement decreased. Conclusions: The present study creates reference values for movement of perioral structures for different sex and age groups, for two facial expressions. These data are of great value for the assessment of mimic function and give insight into the development of facial animation over time.

show abstract

The effect of facial expression on facial symmetry in surgically managed unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (UCLP)

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

The Effect of Autologous Alveolar Bone Grafting on Nasolabial Asymmetry in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

The Effect of Autologous Alveolar Bone Grafting on Nasolabial Asymmetry in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

A novel method for 3D face symmetry reference plane based on weighted Procrustes analysis algorithm

The Average Facial Expressions: A Range of Motion Analysis for Different Sex and Age Groups

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About