The effect of fasting and diet on fecal shedding of <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 by cattle

Buchko, S. J.; Holley, Richard A.; Olson, W. O.; Gannon, Victor P. J.; Veira, D. M.

doi:10.4141/a00-025

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…2000). However, Buchko et al. (2000) reported an increase in faecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 from cattle fasted and then re‐fed an all‐forage diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in beef steers consuming different forage diets*

Looper

Edrington

Flores

et al. 2006

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To compare the prevalence of faecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in growing beef cattle consuming various forages. Methods and Results: In Experiment I, faecal samples were collected from steers grazing either endophyte‐infected (E+) tall fescue or common bermudagrass (CB). Steers grazing E+ tall fescue were confined to a dry‐lot pen and fed CB hay ad libitum for 10 days. In Exp. II, faecal samples were collected from steers grazing either E+ or novel endophyte‐infected (NE) tall fescue and treated with one of two anthelmintics: ivermectin (I) or fenbendazole (F). In Exp. I, prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 was less in E+ tall fescue steers fed CB hay than steers grazing CB. More I‐treated steers shed Salmonella than F‐treated steers at 42‐day postanthelmintic treatment but shedding of Salmonella was similar between anthelmintics at day 63 in Exp. II. Conclusions: Faecal shedding of pathogenic bacteria was not affected by grazing E+ tall fescue. Alterations of forage diets may influence the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7, and anthelmintic treatment could affect faecal shedding of Salmonella. Significance and Impact of the Study: Knowledge of factors that influence shedding of pathogenic bacteria in cattle is necessary to develop on‐farm intervention strategies aimed at reducing pathogen shedding.

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“…2000). However, Buchko et al. (2000) reported an increase in faecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 from cattle fasted and then re‐fed an all‐forage diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in beef steers consuming different forage diets*

Looper

Edrington

Flores

et al. 2006

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…The age of cattle (12,17), diet (5,11,13,24,30,31), grouping of pre-and postweaned calves (15,17,30,31,38), and contaminated animal drinking water (15,31,38) have been identified as contributing factors to cattle shedding serotype O157:H7 strains. In addition to these risk factors, several animal vectors other than cattle have been identified and include birds, deer, flies, humans, and raccoons (19,31,37,38,41).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding ofEscherichia coliO157:H7 in Dairy Cattle Housed in a Confined Environment following Waterborne Inoculation

Shere

Kaspar

Bartlett

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A study of Escherichia coli O157:H7 transmission and shedding was conducted with bull calves housed in individual pens within a confined environment. For comparative purposes, the numbers and duration of E. coli O157:H7 shedding in naturally infected calves were monitored after a single purchased calf (calf 156) tested positive prior to inoculation. During the next 8 days, the calves in adjacent pens and a pen directly across a walkway from calf 156 began to shed this serotype O157:H7 strain. Five of the eight calves in this room shed this O157:H7 strain at some time during the following 8 weeks. The numbers of E. coli O157:H7 isolates shed in these calves varied from 60 to 10 5 CFU/g of feces, and the duration of shedding ranged from 17 to >31 days. The genomic DNAs from isolates recovered from these calves were indistinguishable when compared by using XbaI digestion and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Inoculation of calves with 1 liter of water containing ca. 10 3 to 10 4 CFU of E. coli O157:H7/ml resulted in shedding in 10 of 12 calves (trial 1, 4 of 4 calves; trial 2, 6 of 8 calves). The inoculated calves shed the inoculation strain (FRIK 1275) as early as 24 h after administration. The duration of shedding varied from 18 to >43 days at levels from 10 2 to 10 6 CFU/g of feces. The numbers of doses necessary to initiate shedding varied among calves, and two calves in trial 2 never shed FRIK 1275 after four doses (ca. 10 6 CFU per dose). Results from this study confirm previous reports of animal-to-animal and waterborne dissemination of E. coli O157:H7 and highlight the need for an effective water treatment to reduce the spread of this pathogen in cattle.

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“…However, other studies show variable results when evaluating dietary modification (Berry and others ; Jacob and others ). Moreover, in a study conducted by Buchko and others (), an increase in supershedding animals after 5 days of diet change was observed. Furthermore, the use of vaccines has also been tested for the prevention of E. coli adhesion in the intestinal epithelium of the animals, initiating the immune system against antigens expressed by STEC to prevent colonization in the gastrointestinal tract, consequently reducing the number of overflow in the herd (Matthews and others ; Smith ).…”

Section: Supershedding Animalsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Shiga‐toxin Producing Escherichia coli: Pathogenicity, Supershedding, Diagnostic Methods, Occurrence, and Foodborne Outbreaks

Castro

Carvalho

Conté-Júnior

et al. 2017

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Historically, Escherichia coli is among the most studied organisms and serves as the basis for understanding many fundamental biochemical and genetic concepts. In addition, it displays 9 pathogenesis groups, with the Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) group being the main representative regarding foodborne pathogenesis. Its typical characteristic is the presence of 2 distinct toxins and variants: stx1 (stx1a, stx1c, and stx1d), and stx2 (stx2a, stx2b, stx2c, stx2d, stx2e, stx2f, and stx2g). The main challenge regarding the study of E. coli is the standardization of a high sensitivity method including all pathotypes, that allows for enrichment of STEC cells and a decrease of background microbiota. The ability of some E. coli cells belonging to other pathogenic groups, such as O104:H4, to acquire genes unique to the STEC group, increases the pathogenic power and the risk of new outbreaks related to these bacteria. In addition, animals with a high concentration of pathogenic E. coli cells present in feces (above 10 4 CFU/g), designated as supershedding animals, may be the primary transmission factor among ruminants. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to address pathogenicity factors and the importance of supershedding animals in the transmission of this pathogen, discussing the main methods currently applied, to focus on the occurrence of STEC in beef.

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The effect of fasting and diet on fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by cattle

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in beef steers consuming different forage diets*

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in beef steers consuming different forage diets*

Shedding ofEscherichia coliO157:H7 in Dairy Cattle Housed in a Confined Environment following Waterborne Inoculation

Shiga‐toxin Producing Escherichia coli: Pathogenicity, Supershedding, Diagnostic Methods, Occurrence, and Foodborne Outbreaks

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