The Effect of Feature Displacement on Face Recognition

Haig, Nigel D.

doi:10.1068/p130505n

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…W. Young et al, 1987). Consistent with this interpretation, observers' ability to discriminate faces that share common features and differ only in their spatial arrangement (e.g., eyes close together or far apart), is greatly diminished when stimuli are inverted (Barton, Keenan, & Bass, 2001;Freire, Lee, & Symons, 2000;Goffaux & Rossion, 2006;Haig, 1984;Leder & Bruce, 2000;Leder, Candrian, Huber, & Bruce, 2001;Rhodes, Brake, & Atkinson, 1993;Searcy & Bartlett, 1996).…”

Section: Configural and Holistic Processingmentioning

confidence: 56%

The composite face illusion

2016

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Few findings in cognitive science have proved as influential as the composite face effect. When the top half of one face is aligned with the bottom half of another, and presented upright, the resulting composite arrangement induces a compelling percept of a novel facial configuration. Findings obtained using composite face procedures have contributed significantly to our understanding of holistic face processing, the detrimental effects of face inversion, the development of face perception, and aberrant face perception in clinical populations. Composite paradigms continue to advance our knowledge of face perception, as exemplified by their recent use for investigating the perceptual mechanisms underlying dynamic face processing. However, the paradigm has been the subject of intense scrutiny, particularly over the last decade, and there is a growing sense that the composite face illusion, whilst easy to illustrate, is deceptively difficult to measure and interpret. In this review, we provide a focussed overview of the existing composite face literature, and identify six priorities for future research. Addressing these gaps in our knowledge will aid the evaluation and refinement of theoretical accounts of the illusion.

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Section: Configural and Holistic Processingmentioning

confidence: 56%

The composite face illusion

2016

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“…Some of these results tend to support the extended configural-processing hypothesis (identical eyes, eyes tilted downward), and others accord with the configuralprocessing hypothesis (interocular distance decreased). The nonoccurrence of FIE for interocular distance increased may be explained in that participants are more sensitive to interocular distance decreased than to the former manipulation (e.g., Haig, 1984). It is also seen that the effect of inversion occurred in both tasks (perception and recognition).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

A feature-inversion effect: can an isolated feature show behavior like the face-inversion effect?

Rakover

2012

Psychon Bull Rev

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The face-inversion effect (FIE) is explained by the configural-processing hypothesis. It proposes that inversion disrupts configural information processing (spatial links among facial features) and leaves the processing of featural information (eyes, nose, and mouth) comparatively intact. According to this hypothesis, an inverted isolated facial feature cannot show a feature-inversion effect-that is, behavior similar to the FIE-since all the spatial links between it and the other features in a face are eliminated; that is, the configural information is removed. The findings of the present study, which show that isolated eyes do exhibit the feature-inversion effect, support the extended configural-processing hypothesis. This proposes that inversion also impairs processing of the configural information within the eyes themselves. Removal of the brows in whole faces tended to interfere with processing of the configural information in the upright position but to facilitate processing in the inverted position. Keywords Face perception . Face recognition . Faceinversion effectAccording to the face-inversion effect (FIE), perception and recognition of a face are better when a face is presented upright than when it is presented inverted. This effect is greater in faces than in nonface objects (buildings, cars) (e.g., Rakover, 2002;Valentine, 1988) and is obtained in experimental tasks of perception and recognition alike (e.g., Freire, Lee, & Symons, 2000;Rossion & Gauthier, 2002). It is explained by the configural-processing hypothesis, which proposes that inversion disrupts configural information processing (spatial links among facial features) and/or holistic information (facial information is perceived as a whole Gestalt) and leaves the processing of featural information (eyes, nose, and mouth) comparatively intact (e.g., Bartlett, Searcy, & Abdi, 2003;Leder & Bruce, 2000b;Leder & Carbon, 2006;McKone & Yovel, 2009;Rakover, 2002;Tanaka & Farah, 2003).According to the configural-processing hypothesis, an inverted isolated facial feature cannot show a featureinversion effect-that is, behavior similar to the FIE-since all the spatial links between it and the other features in a face are eliminated; that is, the configural information is removed. Nevertheless, Rakover and Teucher (1997) found that some isolated features (hair and forehead, eyes) showed a featureinversion effect. Hence, one may suggest that the configural information is not crucial for obtaining an FIE. (For a critique of this conclusion, see Bartlett et al., 2003, and for a response, see Rakover, 2011.) One way to save the configural-processing hypothesis is to assume that (1) an isolated facial feature is in itself a visual form made up of certain components (e.g., an eye is composed of eyebrow, eyelid, eyeball, pupil, etc.) and their spatial links and (2) inversion also impairs recognition of an isolated facial feature because it disrupts processing of the spatial links between the feature's components (e.g., inversion disrupts the configural i...

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“…Facial features appear to be obligatorily processed in the context of their relations with other facial features, yielding impressive sensitivity to subtle changes in the configuration of these features (Bruce, Doyle, Dench, & Burton, 1991;Haig, Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.3758/s13414-016-1077-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.…”

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confidence: 99%

Holistic face perception is modulated by experience-dependent perceptual grouping

Curby

Entenman

Fleming

2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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What role do general-purpose, experience-sensitive perceptual mechanisms play in producing characteristic features of face perception? We previously demonstrated that different-colored, misaligned framing backgrounds, designed to disrupt perceptual grouping of face parts appearing upon them, disrupt holistic face perception. In the current experiments, a similar part-judgment task with composite faces was performed: face parts appeared in either misaligned, differentcolored rectangles or aligned, same-colored rectangles. To investigate whether experience can shape impacts of perceptual grouping on holistic face perception, a pre-task fostered the perception of either (a) the misaligned, differently colored rectangle frames as parts of a single, multicolored polygon or (b) the aligned, same-colored rectangle frames as a single square shape. Faces appearing in the misaligned, differently colored rectangles were processed more holistically by those in the polygon-, compared with the square-, pre-task group. Holistic effects for faces appearing in aligned, same-colored rectangles showed the opposite pattern. Experiment 2, which included a pre-task condition fostering the perception of the aligned, samecolored frames as pairs of independent rectangles, provided converging evidence that experience can modulate impacts of perceptual grouping on holistic face perception. These results are surprising given the proposed impenetrability of holistic face perception and provide insights into the elusive mechanisms underlying holistic perception.

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The Effect of Feature Displacement on Face Recognition

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

The composite face illusion

The composite face illusion

A feature-inversion effect: can an isolated feature show behavior like the face-inversion effect?

Holistic face perception is modulated by experience-dependent perceptual grouping

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