The effect of feeding native warm season grasses in the stocker phase on the carcass quality, meat quality, and sensory attributes of beef loin steaks from grain-finished steers

Kurve, V.; Joseph, P.; Williams, J.B.; Kim, T.J.; Boland, H.T.; Smith, T.; Schilling, M. Wes

doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.10.013

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Bruce et al [85] compared differing extensive feeding strategies (124 d or 175 d) of concentrate and forage diets and found that steers fed high energy diets produced carcasses with increased tenderness, regardless of the days given feed compared with forage-fed beef. These data are in agreement with many studies [86,87], yet others have shown no difference in meat quality between grain and forage-finished beef, including tenderness [88,89]. At the same time, however, others have reported lower shear force values in meat from grass-fed animals than from those fed with concentrate [90,91].…”

Section: Tendernesssupporting

confidence: 91%

Muscle Energy Metabolism, Growth, and Meat Quality in Beef Cattle

et al. 2019

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World meat production must increase substantially to support current projections in population growth over the next 30 years. However, maximizing product quality remains a focus for many in the meat industry, as incremental increases in product quality often signal potential increases in segment profitability. Moreover, increases in meat quality also address concerns raised by an ever-growing affluent society demanding greater eating satisfaction. Production strategies and valued endpoints differ worldwide, though this makes the global marketing of meat challenging. Moreover, this variation in production schemes makes it difficult for the scientific community to understand precisely those mechanisms controlling beef quality. For example, some cattle are produced in low input, extensive, forage-based systems. In contrast, some producers raise cattle in more intensive operations where feeding programs are strategically designed to maximal growth rates and achieve significant fat deposition. Yet, others produce cattle that perform between these two extremes. Fresh meat quality, somewhat like the variation observed in production strategies, is perceived differently across the globe. Even so, meat quality is largely predicated on those characteristics visible at the retail counter, namely color and perceived texture and firmness. Once purchased, however, the eating experience is a function of flavor and tenderness. In this review, we attempt to identify a few areas where animal growth may impact postmortem energy metabolism and thereby alter meat quality. Understanding how animals grow and how this affects meat quality development is incumbent to all vested in the meat industry.

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Section: Tendernesssupporting

confidence: 91%

Muscle Energy Metabolism, Growth, and Meat Quality in Beef Cattle

et al. 2019

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“…It was reported that feeding animals with different varieties and levels of greed fodder could significantly improve the pH and marbling score of steer and lamb carcasses. The marbling score and pH of muscle was mainly determined by the skeletal muscle fiber type. − Is phytol as the active component in greed fodder showing the effects on skeletal muscle? Does it work in pigs?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytol Promotes the Formation of Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers through PGC-1α/miRNA but Not Mitochondria Oxidation

Yang

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2017

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Phytol is a side chain of chlorophyll belonging to the side-chain double terpenoid. When animals consume food rich in chlorophyll, phytol can be broken down to phytanic acid after digestion. It was reported that feeding animals with different varieties and levels of forage could significant improve pH and marbling score of steer and lamb carcasses, but the internal mechanism for this is still not reported. The marbling score and pH of muscle was mainly determined by skeletal muscle fiber type, which is due to expression of different myosin heavy-chain (MHC) isoforms. Here, we provide evidence that phytol can indeed affect the diversity of muscle fiber types both in vitro and in vivo and demonstrate that phytol can increase the expression of MHC I (p < 0.05), likely by upgrading the expression of PPARδ, PGC-1α, and related miRNAs. This fiber-type transformation process may not be caused by activated mitochondrial metabolism but by the structural changes in muscle fiber types.

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“…It has been reported that the carcasses of cattle grazing on tall fescue mixed with sainfoin or lucerne pastures had similar weights and subcutaneous rib fat depths [73] in agreement with this current study where no significant differences were observed. Other studies have similarly demonstrated that cattle backgrounded on different pastures (bermudagrass, indiangrass or a mixture of indiangrass, big bluestem and little bluestem) with similar LW at the end of backgrounding had similar LW, carcass weight, dressing percentage and fat cover after finishing in the feedlot for 180 days [29]. Carcass subcutaneous fat cover is essential to reduce the risk of cold shortening that creates myofibrillar toughening resulting in decreased meat tenderness [42].…”

Section: Feedlot Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Carcass subcutaneous fat cover is essential to reduce the risk of cold shortening that creates myofibrillar toughening resulting in decreased meat tenderness [42]. Thus, cattle are feedlot finished on energy-dense diets to improve the subcutaneous fat depth [28,29]. Backfat thickness of concentrate finished cattle is reported to be higher than in their forage finished counterparts in some studies [28,34,53], but not others [74].…”

Section: Feedlot Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Backgrounding (also referred to as stocker phase) cattle prior to feedlot finishing with energy-dense diets is commonly practiced in order to meet the carcass specifications of premium beef markets. Approximately half of the beef cattle herd produced in northern Australia [27], Mediterranean countries [28] and 85% in the USA are finished in the feedlot [29] for improved subcutaneous fat depth [28] and IMF content that markedly increase flavour, tenderness and juiciness [19]. By the same token, finishing cattle on concentrate diets also has a tendency to increase meat SFA and reduce the health beneficial unsaturated FA concentration [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lipid Metabolism, Carcass Characteristics and Longissimus dorsi Muscle Fatty Acid Composition of Tropical Crossbred Beef Cattle in Response to Desmanthus spp. Forage Backgrounding

et al. 2021

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Lipid metabolism, carcass characteristics and fatty acid (FA) composition of the Longissimus dorsi (loin eye) muscle were evaluated in tropical crossbred steers backgrounded on Desmanthus spp. (desmanthus) with or without feedlot finishing. It was hypothesized that steers backgrounded on isonitrogenous diets augmented with incremental proportions of desmanthus will produce carcasses with similar characteristics and FA composition. Forty-eight Brahman, Charbray and Droughtmaster crossbred beef steers were backgrounded for 140 days on Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay augmented with 0, 15, 30 or 45 percent desmanthus on dry matter basis. Lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay was added to the 0, 15 and 30 percent desmanthus diets to ensure that they were isonitrogenous with the 45 percent desmanthus diet. After backgrounding, the two heaviest steers in each pen were slaughtered and the rest were finished in the feedlot for 95 days before slaughter. Muscle biopsy samples were taken at the beginning and end of the backgrounding phase. Carcasses were sampled at slaughter for intramuscular fat (IMF) content, fat melting point (FMP) and FA composition analyses. Increasing the proportion of desmanthus in the diet led to a linear increase in docosanoic acid (p = 0.04) and omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated FA ratio (n-6/n-3 PUFA; p = 0.01), while docosahexaenoic acid decreased linearly (p = 0.01). Feedlot finishing increased hot carcass weight, subcutaneous fat depth at the P8 site and dressing percentage (p ≤ 0.04). The n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was within the recommended < 5 for human diets. IMF was within the consumer-preferred ≥3% level for palatability. The hypothesis that steers backgrounded on isonitrogenous diets augmented with incremental proportions of desmanthus will produce similar carcass characteristics and FA composition was accepted. These findings indicate that a combination of tropical beef cattle backgrounding on desmanthus augmented forage and short-term feedlot finishing produces healthy and highly palatable meat.

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The effect of feeding native warm season grasses in the stocker phase on the carcass quality, meat quality, and sensory attributes of beef loin steaks from grain-finished steers

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Muscle Energy Metabolism, Growth, and Meat Quality in Beef Cattle

Muscle Energy Metabolism, Growth, and Meat Quality in Beef Cattle

Phytol Promotes the Formation of Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers through PGC-1α/miRNA but Not Mitochondria Oxidation

Lipid Metabolism, Carcass Characteristics and Longissimus dorsi Muscle Fatty Acid Composition of Tropical Crossbred Beef Cattle in Response to Desmanthus spp. Forage Backgrounding

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