The effect of fiber characteristics on hydrolysis and cellulase accessibility to softwood substrates

Mooney, Caitriona; Mansfield, Shawn D.; Beatson, Rodger P.; Saddler, John N.

doi:10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00098-8

Cited by 99 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Previous reports suggested a preferential degradation of fines and shorter fiber from pulps by the enzymes [1,11,13,14], as a consequence of the higher surface area of these particles. The interest of the present study was to evaluate the response of two fiber-length fractions to the enzymatic treatment and to compare these results with the ones obtained with the enzymatic treatment of the non-fractionated pulp.…”

Section: Enzyme Action On Different Fiber-length Fractionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The reaction with the pulp occurred for 30 min at 3% consistency and 50°C, with continuous slow mixing. The 30-min period was selected according to previous reports on pulp treatments [1,4,11,14] and also because preliminary assays revealed extended cellulose solubilisation after longer periods of time. To finish up the trial, the enzyme was deactivated either by increasing pH to alkaline values [8 -10] and boiling the pulp for 5 min or by boiling the pulp.…”

Section: Enzymatic/cbd Pulpingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzymatic upgrade of old paperboard containers

Pala

Lemos

Мота

et al. 2001

Enzyme and Microbial Technology

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The use of enzymes in secondary fiber (old paperboard containers) upgrading was investigated. The following aspects were analyzed: (i) the effect of several enzymes and (non-hydrolytic) cellulose-binding domains on the pulp and paper properties; (ii) factors influencing enzymatic treatment of secondary fiber: enzyme dosage and reaction time; and (iii) enzyme action on fractions with different fiber-length.In general, all the tested enzymatic preparations were able to improve the pulp drainability. In most cases this improvement was obtained at the expense of paper strength. The use of cellulose-binding domains allowed for the simultaneous increase in drainability and strength properties.

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Section: Enzyme Action On Different Fiber-length Fractionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Enzymatic/cbd Pulpingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic upgrade of old paperboard containers

Pala

Lemos

Мота

et al. 2001

Enzyme and Microbial Technology

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show abstract

“…In addition to the physical properties of the pretreated substrates such as surface area, pore size, crystallinity, and degree of polymerization, it has been recognized that the residual lignin, which is inevitably associated with the cellulose after pretreatment and post-treatment, significantly influences subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis (Chandra et al, 2007;Grethlein, 1985;Grous et al, 1986;Mooney et al, 1999;Shevchenko et al, 2000). Lignin is an essential structural component in the plant and is a polymer of phenylpropane units produced through oxidative coupling of 4-hydroxyphenyl propanoid compounds (Humphreys and Chapple, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass by increasing the carboxylic acid content of the associated lignin

Nakagame

Chandra

Kadla

et al. 2010

Biotech & Bioengineering

231

137

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To assess the effects that the physical and chemical properties of lignin might have on the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic substrates, protease treated lignin (PTL) and cellulolytic enzyme lignin (CEL) fractions, isolated from steam and organosolv pretreated corn stover, poplar, and lodgepole pine, were prepared and characterized. The adsorption of cellulases to the isolated lignin preparations corresponded to a Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It was apparent that, rather than the physical properties of the isolated lignin, the carboxylic acid functionality of the isolated lignin, as determined by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, had much more of an influence when lignin was added to typical hydrolysis of pure cellulose (Avicel). An increase in the carboxylic content of the lignin preparation resulted in an increased hydrolysis yield. These results suggested that the carboxylic acids within the lignin partially alleviate non-productive binding of cellulases to lignin. To try to confirm this possible mechanism, dehydrogenative polymers (DHP) of monolignols were synthesized from coniferyl alcohol (CA) and ferulic acid (FA), and these model compounds were added to a typical enzymatic hydrolysis of Avicel. The DHP from FA, which was enriched in carboxylic acid groups compared with the DHP from CA, adsorbed a lower mount of cellulases and did not decrease hydrolysis yields when compared to the DHP from CA, which decreased the hydrolysis of Avicel by 8.4%. Thus, increasing the carboxylic acid content of the lignin seemed to significantly decrease the non-productive binding of cellulases and consequently increased the enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose.

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“…This suggests that the susceptibility of fossil cellulose to enzymatic hydrolysis is affected by the ''bioavailability'' of these complex lignocellulose materials. Bioavailability is defined by several parameters such as crystallinity (Weimer et al, 1990), degree of polymerisation (Cao and Tan, 2004), particle size (Hu et al, 2005), surface area (Mooney et al, 1999) and fibre size or pore volume (Gama et al, 1994). The lignin barrier (Mooney et al, 1998) and other phenolic compounds in plant cell walls might also result in a reduction of the rate and extent of polysaccharide degradation.…”

Section: Susceptibility To Enzymatic and Microbial Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and biochemical characterization of non-biodegradable cellulose in Miocene gymnosperm wood from the Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse, Southern Belgium

Lechien¹,

Rodriguez²,

Ongena³

et al. 2006

Organic Geochemistry

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Specimens of Miocene fossil wood from the Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse karsts (southern Belgium) were examined using physicochemical and biochemical techniques in order to understand the reasons for the exceptional preservation of these fossilized remains after 15 million years. Structural and chemical changes were assessed by comparing the structural features of the fossil samples with those of their modern counterpart, Metasequoia. Solid state 13Cnuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and microscopic analysis showed good preservation of the cellulose structure in the fossil wood from the Florennes peat deposit. Despite the substantial cellulose fraction available in the fossil tissue, an enzymatic degradation test and a biochemical methane potential assay showed that the fossil cellulose could not be degraded by cellulases and anaerobic microorganisms usually involved in the biodegradation of organic matter. Moreover, the cellulose structure (crystallinity and surface area) seemed to have no effect on cellulose biodegradability in these Miocene fossil wood samples. On the basis of our observations, we suggest that the presence of a modified lignin structure could greatly influence cellulose preservation/biodegradability.

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The effect of fiber characteristics on hydrolysis and cellulase accessibility to softwood substrates

Cited by 99 publications

References 12 publications

Enzymatic upgrade of old paperboard containers

Enzymatic upgrade of old paperboard containers

Enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass by increasing the carboxylic acid content of the associated lignin

Physicochemical and biochemical characterization of non-biodegradable cellulose in Miocene gymnosperm wood from the Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse, Southern Belgium

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