The effect of flash pyrolysis temperature on compositional variability of pyrolyzates from birch lignin

Aarum, Ida; Devle, Hanne; Ekeberg, Dag; Horn, Svein Jarle; Stenstrøm, Yngve

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2017.08.003

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The fractionated temperatures in the pyrolysis was determined based on previous results, Aarum et al. and Jurak, , as the carbohydrates will be mostly valorized at 350 °C and then subsequently pyrolysis at 600 °C would yield the lignin fraction. This turned out to be a mostly correct assumption, as the 350 °C pyrogram contained small amounts of lignin components.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 The list of standards are listed in Supporting Information and is used for retention validation of components. 40 The hemicellulose 4- O -methyl- d -glucurono- d -xylan and cellulose (powder) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). The milling was done with a Retsch GmbH 100PM (Haan, Germany) instrument with zirconium balls (ZrO 2 ) at 350 rpm, for 12 h with 15 min on/off increments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GCMS method and identification was done as previously described, with a capillary column (TraceGOLD TG-1710MS 60 m, ID 0.25 mm, and 0.25 μm film thickness, Thermo Fisher Scientific). 40 The total pyrolysis time is 2 s, with a heating time of 8 ms, which is injected on-line to the GC with a total run time of 76.4 min. The pyrolysis was a fractionated pyrolysis which is, according to IUPAC system, “pyrolysis in which the sample is pyrolyzed at different temperatures at different times to study a special fraction of the sample” 47 and in this case at 350 and 600 °C, before each GC-run.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Pseudo-Lignin from Steam Exploded Birch

et al. 2018

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There is a growing interest in a more wholesome utilization of biomass as the need for greener chemistry and non-mineral oil-based products increases. Lignin is the largest renewable resource for aromatic chemicals, which is found in all types of lignocellulosic biomass. Steam-explosion of lignocellulosic biomass is a useful pretreatment technique to make the polymeric material more available for processing. However, this heat-based pretreatment is known to result in the formation of pseudo-lignin, a lignin-like polymer made from carbohydrate degradation products. In this work, we have analyzed steam-exploded birch with a varying severity factor (3.1–5.0) by pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, 2D-NMR, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The main results reveal a consumption of acetic acid at higher temperatures, with the increase of furan components in the pyrolyzate. The IR and NMR spectral data support these results, and there is a reason to believe that the conditions for humin formation are accomplished under steam explosion. Pseudo-lignin seems to be a humin-like compound.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Pseudo-Lignin from Steam Exploded Birch

et al. 2018

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“…Average of at least two measurements was calculated and the peak areas of the pyrolysis products were normalized to 100%. The pyrolysis products formed were identified using standard samples, data from the literature [ 30 – 33 ], and commercial NIST 11 MS library.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial biogas production from hydrolysis lignin: insight into lignin structural changes

Mulat

Dibdiaková

Horn

2018

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundThe emerging cellulosic bioethanol industry will generate huge amounts of lignin-rich residues that may be converted into biogas by anaerobic digestion (AD) to increase the output of energy carriers from the biorefinery plants. The carbohydrates fraction of lignocellulosic biomass is degradable, whereas the lignin fraction is generally considered difficult to degrade during AD. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of biogas production by AD from hydrolysis lignin (HL), prepared by steam explosion (SE) and enzymatic saccharification of birch. A novel nylon bag technique together with two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify recalcitrant and degradable structures in the lignin during AD.ResultsThe HL had a lignin content of 80% which included pseudo-lignin and condensed-lignin structures resulting from the SE pretreatment. The obtained methane yield from HL was almost twofold higher than the theoretical methane from the carbohydrate fraction alone, indicating that part of the lignin was converted to methane. Characterization of the undegradable material after AD revealed a substantial loss of signals characteristic for carbohydrates and lignin–carbohydrate complexes (LCC), indicating conversion of these chemical components to methane during AD. The β-O-4′ linkage and resinol were not modified as such in AD, but major change was seen for the S/G ratio from 5.8 to 2.6, phenylcoumaran from 4.9 to 1.0%, and pseudo-lignin and condensed-lignin were clearly degraded. Scanning electron microscopy and simultaneous thermal analysis measurements demonstrated changes in morphology and thermal properties following SE pretreatment and AD. Our results showed that carbohydrate, LCC, pseudo-lignin, and condensed-lignin degradation had contributed to methane production. The energy yield for the combined ethanol production and biogas production was 8.1 MJ fuel per kg DM of substrate (4.9 MJ/kg from ethanol and 3.2 MJ/kg from methane).ConclusionThis study shows the benefit of using a novel bag technique together with advanced analytical techniques to investigate the degradation mechanisms of lignin during AD, and also points to a possible application of HL produced in cellulosic bioethanol plants.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13068-018-1054-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Both the yield and the chemical composition of the products obtained by means of flash pyrolysis are significantly influenced by the pyrolysis parameters (temperature and heating rate), production system (reactor) and the characteristics of the biomass used as a feedstock (AARUM et al, 2017;GRIMA-OLMEDO et al, 2016).…”

Section: Flash Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal conversion of biomass: a comparative review of different pyrolysis processes

Jesus

Martinez

Costa

et al. 2020

RCM

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Biomass has been worldwide seen as a promising solution for meeting the increasing energy demands of a growing population, replacing fossil fuels in whole or in part, and achieving sustainable development. The use of biomass as an energy source is done through various conversion routes such as combustion, gasification and pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is a simple and efficient thermochemical conversion process to obtain energy from biomass and generate high energy density products. These technologies used for energy utilization are distinguished according to the characteristics of the biomass and product, process efficiency, amount of oxidant used, temperature and rate of heating, among others. The technical and scientific knowledge of biomedical thermochemical conversion options is a fundamental step both for academic researchers who aim to investigate these technologies to improve and optimize these processes, and for entrepreneurs who aim to implement biorefineries in the market. In this context, this work aimed to review the latest pyrolysis technologies, discussing the characteristics and the main variables of this technology.

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The effect of flash pyrolysis temperature on compositional variability of pyrolyzates from birch lignin

Cited by 23 publications

References 70 publications

Characterization of Pseudo-Lignin from Steam Exploded Birch

Characterization of Pseudo-Lignin from Steam Exploded Birch

Microbial biogas production from hydrolysis lignin: insight into lignin structural changes

Thermal conversion of biomass: a comparative review of different pyrolysis processes

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