The effect of flavophospholipol (Flavomycin) and salinomycin sodium (Sacox) on the excretion of Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella enteritidis, and Campylobacter jejuni in broilers after experimental infection

Abstract

Intestinal colonization and shedding of pathogenic bacteria in animal feces is an important factor in both human food safety and animal health. The effect of broiler feed additives flavophospholipol (FPL; Flavomycin, bambermycins) and salinomycin sodium (SAL; Sacox) given singly on the excretion of Salmonella enteritidis, Campylobacter jejuni, and Clostridium perfringens was studied following controlled infection. The incidence of shedding (number of birds with positive fecal cultures) and the degree of shedding (cfu per gram of feces in positive birds) were measured to determine the influence of these two common feed additive antibiotics on shedding rates of potential pathogens. A total of 216 Ross broiler chickens, housed in battery cages, were fed either an unmedicated feed (controls), feed containing FPL, or feed containing SAL. Feed treatment groups were subdivided into three bacterial challenge groups of 24 chicks, each receiving only one of the pathogens. Bacterial challenge was administered orally on Days 11 and 12 for Salmonella and Campylobacter and on Days 2 and 3 for Clostridium. Fecal samples were collected weekly up to 6 wk of age and cultured for presence of the target organism. The shedding rate was determined by decimal dilutions of the fecal samples. Feeding FPL resulted in a reduced (P < or = 0.05) degree and incidence of Salmonella and Clostridium shedding at 6 wk. Feeding SAL reduced (P < or = 0.05) the incidence of Salmonella shedding at 6 wk. Neither feed additive affected the incidence nor the degree of Campylobacter shedding. The results of this study indicate that these feed additives may reduce the incidence of these potential human and animal pathogens in preslaughter broilers.

Clostridium perfringensin poultry: an emerging threat for animal and public health

“…All isolates of C. perfringens were highly resistant to this antibiotic, as shown in studies of Devriese et al (1993) and Martel et al (2004). One report mentions a decrease in faecal shedding of C. perfringens in broilers at slaughter age (Bolder et al, 1999).…”

The effect of commonly used anticoccidials and antibiotics in a subclinical necrotic enteritis model

“…shown to have beneficial effects on the control of necrotic enteritis in broilers in vivo (Elwinger et al, 1992;Bolder et al, 1999;Waldenstedt et al, 1999;Engberg et al, 2000; Brennan et al, 2001a;Johansen et al, 2007). Narasin significantly reduces the mean necrotic enteritis lesions scores and necrotic enteritis associated mortality compared to control groups (Vissiennon et al, 2000;Brennan et al, 2001 a).…”

“…Narasin significantly reduces the mean necrotic enteritis lesions scores and necrotic enteritis associated mortality compared to control groups (Vissiennon et al, 2000;Brennan et al, 2001 a). Salinomycin has been proven to decrease both the caecal count and prevalence of C. perfringens in broilers and reduces the shedding of C. perfringens after experimental infection (Bolder et al, 1999;Engberg et al, 2000;Johansen et al, 2007). This anticoccidial was also able to diminish the severity of the lesions due to necrotic enteritis in an experimental infection model (Elwinger et al, 1998;Engberg et al, 2000;Jackson et al, 2003).…”

Edible mushroom powder (Agaricus bisporus) and flavophospholipol improve performance and blood parameters of broilers

“…Furthermore, flavophospholipol inhibits transglycosylase, an enzyme necessary for the formation of bacterial cell wall, and its consequent intestinal microbiota modulation promotes the development of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, which are generally considered beneficial bacteria (Bolder et al, 1999). Another possible explanation, or at least partially, is that the observed lower feed consumption and consequently lower fat intake may also contribute to reducing blood lipid content.…”