The Effect of Flow Field Design Parameters on the Performance of PEMFC: A Review

Bunyan, Sadiq T.; Dhahad, Hayder A.; Khudhur, Dhamyaa S.; Yusaf, Talal

doi:10.3390/su151310389

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…24 Over the years, nonporous graphite plates and metal plates have been optimized as effective BPP materials meeting these specifications. Factors such as material selection, 43 surface texture, 28 coatings, 44 and flow field designs 45 impact the electronic conductivity of BPPs. 35 However, striking a balance between plate thickness and durability is challenging.…”

Section: Bulk Electric Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on Electric Resistance in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Advances and Outlook

Wang,

He,

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Improving fuel efficiency and performance in proton exchange membrane fuel cells is closely linked to reducing electric resistance. This review discusses the vital role, behavior, and methods to reduce electric resistance in fuel cells. We particularly focus on how electric resistance affects cell polarization loss and overall performance. We summarize key parameters, prediction formulas, standard values, and testing methods for both bulk resistance and contact resistance. A significant part of the review looks at often-overlooked factors like flow field design, clamping pressure, surface properties, and substrate material. The unique "channel/rib" design on the bipolar plates surface has a major impact on electric resistance. Research shows a balance between rib/channel ratios, clamping pressure, and resistance values. While narrower ratios help reduce contact resistance, they can increase bulk resistance and overall cell resistance, affecting voltage outputs. There's an ideal clamping pressure that offers the best balance between resistance and performance. Further, this review underscores the significance of material selection, flow field design, clamping pressure, and surface treatments in resistance management. Designs like serpentine flow fields and materials such as carbon paper are noted for their lower resistance characteristics. Synthesizing these insights, we propose coherent strategies to enhance cell performance by reducing electric resistance through improved fuel cell design. Conclusively, we analyze the challenges and future perspectives in achieving minimal electric resistance and maximal cell performance. Potential avenues for future research are identified, with an emphasis on nanomaterials, advanced fabrication techniques, experimental methodologies, numerical modeling, flow field design, and operational optimization.

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Section: Bulk Electric Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…190,191 The design of the flow field also significantly affects electronic resistance. Bunyan et al 45 provided an overview of flow field patterns from existing literature. Marappan et al 192 assessed how various flow field designs influence cell performance.…”

Section: Optimization Of Clampingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Electric Resistance in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Advances and Outlook

Wang,

He,

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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“…Indicator γ represents a continuous design variable field used to interpolate (γ), α(γ) and D(γ). γ ∈ [0, 1] indicates solid {0}, fluid {1}, or fluid-structure interaction state (0, 1). The fluid-structure interaction state means that the average properties can vary continuously from the porous rib (P rib ) to the porous channel (P ch ).…”

Section: Topological Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) characteristics, such as low pollution, high efficiency, and no noise, are favored by researchers worldwide [1,2]. The electrode plate is the supporting structure of PEMFC, and the flow channel of reaction gas and its surface flow channel design will directly affect the cell output performance of PEMFC [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Radial Flow Channel Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on Topology Optimization

Qu,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Processes

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In this paper, the flow channel of the radial proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is optimized by the topological optimization method. Using the SNOPT algorithm, a two-dimensional stable constant temperature model is freely constructed in the cyclic sector design domain. Topology optimization aims to maximize the efficiency of PEMFC and minimize the energy dissipation of reaction gas. We analyze radial topology flow channels’ mass transfer capacity and cell performance with different maximum volume constraints. The results show that under high current density, the performance of the optimized channel is significantly better than that of the traditional channel. Increasing the maximum volume constraint is beneficial for improving the mass transfer of PEMFC. At 0.6 V, the cell performance of Scheme 4 is 14.9% higher than the serpentine flow channel and 9.5% higher than the parallel flow channel. In addition, in the optimal selection, 3D simulation modeling is carried out for more accurate verification.

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“…The parallel or serpentine flow fields used in the above-reported research still meet the challenge of inconsistent distributions of the reactant gases and the unclear interaction between the reactant gases on the cathode and anode sides [25]. Therefore, a 3D multiphase model of an air-breathing PEMFC was developed to investigate the internal processes of mass and heat transfer and electron and proton conduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study on Effect of Flow Field Configuration on Air-Breathing Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Stacks

Liu,

Sun,

Bai

2024

Energies

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Air-breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) show enormous potential in small and portable applications because of their brief construction time without the need for gas supply, humidification and cooling devices. In the current work, a 3D multiphase model of single air-breathing PEMFCs is developed by considering the contact resistance between the gas diffusion layer and bipolar plate and the anisotropic thermal conduction and electric conductive in the through-plane and in-plane directions. The 3D model presents good grid independence and agreement with the experimental polarization curve. The single PEMFC with the best open area ratio of 55% achieves the maximum peak power density of 179.3 mW cm−2. For the fuel cell stack with 10 single fuel cells, the application of the anode window flow field is beneficial to improve the stack peak power density compared to the anode serpentine flow field. The developed model is capable of providing assistance in designing high-performance air-breathing PEMFC stacks.

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The Effect of Flow Field Design Parameters on the Performance of PEMFC: A Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 118 publications

Review on Electric Resistance in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Advances and Outlook

Review on Electric Resistance in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Advances and Outlook

Design of Radial Flow Channel Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on Topology Optimization

Numerical Study on Effect of Flow Field Configuration on Air-Breathing Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Stacks

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