“…This is the reason why electrochemical techniques developed in aqueous solution are applied to high-temperature glass melts. There are so many reports on redox states of multivalent ions in glass melts using cyclic voltammetry [8][9][10], square-wave voltammetry [2,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], and differential pulse voltammetry [6,10,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Among these papers, Rüssel and co-workers [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] reported the redox states, the equilibrium constants, and thermodynamic data of various types of multivalent ions in some glass melts by using square wave voltammetry.…”