“…However, Kikuchi & TBe (2021), Suidarma &Yasa (2021), andDarmawati, Suparta &Saimul (2021) argue that there is a positive influence of external public debt on Indonesia's economic growth. Meanwhile, Safwat, Salah & Sherif (2021), Kurniasih (2021), Awan & Qasim (2020), Annisa, Nairobi & Taher (2022), and Sari (2022 stated that there is a negative relationship between external public debt and economic growth.…”