The effect of free radical stability on the rate of bromination of hydrocarbons

Doheny, Anthony J.; Loudon, G. Marc

doi:10.1021/ed057p507

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Doheny and Loudon's experiment (7) on light-initiated bromination of alkylbenzenes demonstrates that (1) energy must be introduced to start the reaction, (2) ease of formation of free radicals follows the sequence tertiary > secondary > primary, and (3) considerable HBr is liberated.…”

Section: Halogenalion Of Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic lecture demonstrations

Silversmith¹

1988

J. Chem. Educ.

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Organic chemistry may not be known for its spectacular, attention getting chemical reactions. Nevertheless, this author describes a few organic chemistry reactions that put points across and generate interest. This article provides a convenient sources of demonstrations and urges others to add to the collection. Demonstrations concerning: carbohydrates, spectroscopy, proteins, amines, carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, and much more.

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Section: Halogenalion Of Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic lecture demonstrations

Silversmith¹

1988

J. Chem. Educ.

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“…In contrast, saturated alkanes need UV light or heat to initiate a radical substitution reaction. The photobromination test is also a practical qualitative test to demonstrate to the students the stability of different free radicals on the rate of the photobromination based on the reactivity of the different types of hydrocarbons. , The Baeyer test for unsaturation uses a potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) aqueous solution that, in the presence of alkenes and alkynes, changes from purple to dark brown, along with the formation of a brown precipitate consisting of MnO 2 . Potassium permanganate oxidizes alkene and alkynes to give a 1,2-diol (glycol) and vicinal dicarbonyl compounds (i.e., 1,2-diketones), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Test for Hydrocarbons: A Laboratory Experiment to Reinforce the Different Types of Reactions and Mechanisms in Organic Chemistry

Rodríguez-Berríos,

Rivera-González,

Cardona-Rivera

et al. 2024

J. Chem. Educ.

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Performing qualitative analysis is a common component of the undergraduate Organic Chemistry laboratory for identifying functional groups and unknown compounds. Although the Organic Chemistry 1 lecture dedicates a significant amount of time to discussing the reactions of hydrocarbons such as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatics, only a few laboratory practices apply these reactions and emphasize the material discussed in the lecture. Therefore, we developed and implemented a laboratory activity that applied lecture theory to review how to identify the reactants (hydrocarbons), reagents, conditions, and products. In addition, it emphasizes the study of the different types of organic reactions, how to draw suitable mechanisms, and the use of curved arrows to show the formation and breaking of bonds. The experimental part of the laboratory experience consisted of qualitative tests to identify different types of hydrocarbons such as bromine, Baeyer, and Friedel−Crafts tests. This activity was implemented in laboratory courses of Organic Chemistry 1 and 2 and evaluated through a quasi-experimental study to assess the student's learning experience through a pre-test and post-test and a satisfaction survey. The results showed that the laboratory experiment was more effective for the laboratory of the Organic Chemistry 1 students. One of the advantages of this laboratory experiment is that it can be performed in person or can be adapted to a virtual context.

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The effect of free radical stability on the rate of bromination of hydrocarbons

Abstract: The effect of alkyl free radical stability on the rate of free radical halogenation of hydrocarbons can be convincingly demonstrated by the comparative photobromination of the arenes toluene, ethylbenzene, and cumene.

Cited by 2 publications

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Organic lecture demonstrations

Organic lecture demonstrations

Qualitative Test for Hydrocarbons: A Laboratory Experiment to Reinforce the Different Types of Reactions and Mechanisms in Organic Chemistry

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