The Effect of Freezing and Thawing on the Flexural Bond Strength of Masonry

Walker, Dwight

doi:10.1520/stp18211s

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…To check the validity of formula (12) and calibrate its coefficients, 10 data sets obtained in eight different laboratories (Lindner and Sprague 1956;Nielsen 1954;Reagel and Willis 1931;Rocco 1995 and1997;Rokugo et a1. 1995;Sabnis and Mirza 1979;Walker and Bloem 1957;Wright 1952) were used. These data, consisting of 42 values summarized in Table 1, represent all the relevant test data on modulus of rupture of plain concrete beams that could be found in the literature.…”

Section: Experimental Validation Of Energetic Formulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic-Statistical Size Effect in Quasibrittle Failure at Crack Initiation

2000

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The size ifftct on the nominal strength if quasibrittle structures failing at crack initiation, and particularly on the modulus if rupture if plain concrete beams, is analyzed. First, an improved deterministic formula is derived from the energy release due to a boundary layer if cracking (initiatingfracture process zone) whose thickness is not negligible compared to beam depth. To fit the test data, a rapidly converging iterative nonlinear optimization algorithm is developed. The formula is shown to give an excellent agreement with the existing test data on the size ifftct on the modulus if rupture if plain concrete beams. The data range, however, is much too limited; it does not cover the extreme sizes encountered in arch dams,foundations, and retaining walls. Therifore, it becomes necessary to extrapolate on the basis if a theory. For extreme sizes, the Weibull type statistical ifftct if random material strength must be incorporated into the theory. Based on structural analysis with the recently developed statistical nonlocal model, a generalized energetic-statistical size ifftct formula is developed. The formula represents asymptotic matching between the deterministic-energetic formula, which is approached for small sizes, and the power law size ifftct if the classical Weibull theory, which is approached for large sizes. In the limit if irifinite Weibull modulus, the deterministic-energetic formula is recovered. Data fitting with the new formula reveals that, for concrete and mortar, the Weibull modulus m z 24 rather than 12, the value widely accepted so far. This means that,for extreme sizes, the nominal strength (modulus ifrupture) decreases,for two-dimensional similarity, as the-1/12 power if the structure size, and for three-dimensional similarity, as the-1 /8 power (whereas the-1/4 power has been assumed thusfar). The coifficient if variation characterizing the scatter if many test results for one shape and one size is shown not to give the correct value if l/1!ibull modulus because the energetic size ifftct inevitably intervenes. The results imply that the size ifftct at fracture Initiation must have been a signiji"cant contributingfactor in many disasters (for example,

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Section: Experimental Validation Of Energetic Formulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic-Statistical Size Effect in Quasibrittle Failure at Crack Initiation

2000

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“…If the initial rate of absorption of the brick is greater than this value, it should be wetted for 3 to 24 hours before lying down. The surface should be dry when laying a wetted block in a mortar (Borcheltl & Melande, 1999, Walker, 1996.…”

Section: Suction Rate Of Masonry Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Masonry Hollow Block Walls: Materials and Construction

Musa Ayagi,

Abu Bakar,

Abd Manan

2023

TJIEM

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Concrete hollow blocks are commonly used in building construction, particularly for multi-story buildings, factories, and residential structures. Hollow blocks are more practical because of their lightweight, and the most significant feature is the ease with which they can be ventilated. This paper provides an overview of modern masonry hollow block wall construction, starting with an overview of its applications and benefits. Mortars are typically made from cement and sand; with lime or a plasticizer added to improve workability. To improve economy and productivity, compressive strength, density, masonry hollow block properties, and masonry wall behaviour with the factors to consider for load-bearing and non-load-bearing wall construction were summarised and described, and key reference lists are included.

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The Effect of Freezing and Thawing on the Flexural Bond Strength of Masonry

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Energetic-Statistical Size Effect in Quasibrittle Failure at Crack Initiation

Energetic-Statistical Size Effect in Quasibrittle Failure at Crack Initiation

Review on Masonry Hollow Block Walls: Materials and Construction

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